El control de las emociones: Un análisis crítico de la filosofía de Séneca y Epicteto en la sociedad contemporánea

Abstract

This research critically analyzed the thinking of Seneca and Epictetus on the control of emotions, with the aim of evaluating its applicability in contemporary society. Recognizing emotional imbalance as a current problem, it examines the relevance of Stoic principles— such as logos, apathy, and virtue—in the ethical formation of individuals. Using a theoretical and philosophical approach, it examines primary and secondary sources, integrating contemporary readings by Pierre Hadot, Martha C. Nussbaum, and Anthony A. Long, whose interpretations allowed Stoicism to be redefined as a living practice rather than a dogmatic system. One of the central findings was that the emotional control proposed by the Stoics does not imply repression, but rather a rational transformation of emotions; while Seneca emphasizes virtue in commitment to public life, Epictetus emphasizes self-determination as a path to inner freedom. The research also highlighted the contemporary risks of trivializing Stoicism as self-help, reaffirming the need for a rigorous reading. In conclusion, it was found that Stoicism represents a useful philosophical path for cultivating judgment, emotional regulation, and consolidating lucid ethics, offering a solid foundation for future research on affective rationality, character development, and pedagogies of interiority.