Factores asociados a enterocolitis necrotizante en recién nacidos del Hospital Corral Moscoso. Estudio de casos y controles

Abstract

Background: necrotizing enterocolitis is one of the most prevalent and devastating gastrointestinal pathologies in newborns, since there is controversy regarding risk factors for its development and thus achieving a better understanding for its prevention. Objectives: determine the factors associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in newborns at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Methods: case-control study in Neonatology at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. Three controls were selected for each case, matched by sex and month of birth. Descriptive statistics, OR, 95%CI and p values were obtained. Results: 47 cases and 141 controls were obtained. The two groups were similar in terms of sex and month of birth. The association between prematurity, respiratory distress, hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, apnea, sepsis, anemia, blood transfusion, patent ductus arteriosus, artificial breastfeeding, preterm formula feeding, umbilical catheterization with necrotizing enterocolitis was statistically significant. Conclusion: prematurity, respiratory distress, hyaline membrane disease, pneumonia, mechanical ventilation, apnea, sepsis, anemia, blood transfusion, patent ductus arteriosus, artificial breastfeeding, preterm formula feeding and umbilical catheterization may increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis in neonates.