Prevalencia de infección del sitio quirúrgico en pacientes apendicectomizados por técnica abierta y laparoscópica, en los hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2018

Abstract

Background: The surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the main causes of infection and for their control is necessary to know the magnitude and associated factors. Objective: To establish the prevalence and factors associated with the surgical site infection in patients who underwent appendectomies based, in hospitals Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga, during the period 2018. Method and materials: this is a cross-sectional study. The data is extracted from the database AS400 of the hospitals described, the clinical histories, and operational notes reports of anesthesia of 384 patients operated for acute appendicitis. To determine the factors associated statistical or was used (95%) and binary multivariate logistic regression analysis. Results: The prevalence of the surgical site infection was 12%. They found factors associated to the ISQ with statistical significance, the history of diabetes (OR 3.2; 95% CI 1.62 - 6.27; P 0.00), and the surgical time greater than 1 hour (OR 1.9; 95% CI 1.4 - 1.55; P 0.03). In contrast, there was an association, but not statistical significance between age greater than 29 years (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.71 - 2.77; P 0.32), conventional surgical technique (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.94 - 1.94; P 0.25). Obesity (OR 1.4; 95% CI 0.70 - 2.80; p value 0.33), male sex (OR 0.9, CI 95% 0.55 - 1.90, p 0.93) was not a factor associated with nor had statistical significance. The multivariate analysis explained that the history of diabetes was the factor most closely associated with the ISQ (p 0.000). Conclusions: The prevalence of surgical site infection in appendectomized patients was higher than that reported elsewhere in the literature, and is associated with the history of diabetes and the surgical time greater than 1 hour.