Obtención de espuma biodegradable a base de micelio de hongos Ganoderma lucidum, Pleurotus ostreatus y Trametes versicolor usando bagazo de caña como sustrato y caracterización del biomaterial obtenido

Abstract

This research shows the development of a material based on mycelium, which is the main body of fungi, as an alternative to traditional packaging materials. For this, the mycelium of three types of medicinal and edible mushrooms, Ganoderma Lucidum, Trametes versicolor and Pleurotus ostreatus, and as a substrate for its growth we used cane bagasse. These fungi have been combined in different proportions to evaluate their growth effectiveness by comparing their properties with those of an expanded polystyrene. The results obtained show that mycelial growth is acceptable in tests with mushroom proportions of 33,33% Ganoderma lucidum, 33,33% Trametes versicolor, 33,33% Pleurotus ostreatus and 30% Ganoderma lucidum, 30% Trametes versicolor and 40% Pleurotus ostreatus. However, The growth of mostly aerial mycelium was observed. Although the material presented a high water absorption, it also exhibited favorable properties such as low average densities reaching 0.1698 g/cm and hardness better than that of EPS and be biodegradable. In general, these values do not imply that the biomaterial formed can be used as a substitute for EPS.