Prevalencia de alteraciones auditivas en adultos jóvenes que asisten a Gimnasios del cantón Cuenca. 2025-2026

Abstract

Background: Frequent exposure to recreational noise in gyms, combined with prolonged use of headphones, is associated with the development of symptoms and potential auditory alterations in young adults. However, there is limited research on this topic in Cuenca. Objective: To identify the prevalence of auditory alterations in young adults who attend gyms in the canton of Cuenca during the 2025-2026 period. Methods: A quantitative, observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in four gyms in Cuenca. The sample consisted of 83 young adults aged 18 to 30 years. Data collection was carried out using a structured form, otoscopy, and audiometry. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS version 24. Results: Most participants were male (65.1%) and urban residents (86.7%). Exposure to gym noise for 22 months or more was reported by 49.4% of participants, with a daily duration of 1 to 2 hours in 54.2%, and headphone use for 24 months or more in 60.2%. The most prevalent symptom was tinnitus (32.5%). Audiometric findings showed 71.1% normal hearing, 28.9% mild hearing loss, and 18.1% presenting both conductive and sensorineural hearing loss. Conclusions: Young adults who attend gyms in the canton of Cuenca experience prolonged exposure to noise and frequent auditory symptoms, primarily tinnitus. Although most maintain normal hearing, early auditory alterations particularly at high frequencies are evident, underscoring the importance of early detection and the promotion of hearing care.