Prevalencia de complicaciones mediatas y factores asociados en pacientes post apendicectomía laparoscópica, en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca; 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acute appendicitis represents a surgical emergency and a public health problem, with a 10% prevalence of complications (1). According to the Ministry of Public Health, it represents the primary cause of morbidity in Ecuador (2). OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence and associated factors with mediate complications in post-laparoscopic appendectomy patients. José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, Cuenca; 2019. METHOD: Analytical, cross-sectional, observational study, infinite universe, sample 215 (lowest prevalence 5.33%), unit of analysis: clinical history, using a form the information from the AS400 system was collected from randomized patients. The information was entered into Excel 2016 and SPSS 15.0. Frequency distributions and percentages were used to synthesize the data, and for the association OR, 95% CI, and for statistical significance the value of p<0.05. RESULTS: The prevalence of mediate complications was 13.5%, the most frequent being surgical site infection (6%). The associated factors include: delay in seeking medical attention> 24h (OR: 2.23, CI: 1.014 – 4.936), complicated acute appendicitis (OR: 2.3, CI: 1.045 – 5.087) and absence of prophylactic antibiotic treatment (OR: 4.15, CI: 1.401 – 12.289). These risk factors were statistically significant (p = 0.042, p = 0.035, p = 0.006 respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of mediate complications in this study is similar to those reported in other neighboring countries, however, it is higher than that found in our city in another institution. Complications are associated with factors such as: delay in seeking medical attention> 24h, complicated acute appendicitis, and absence of prophylactic antibiotic therapy.