Fracaso anestésico del bloqueo del nervio alveolar inferior en pulpitis irreversible sintomática en molares inferiores y técnicas de complementación ante ésta eventualidad

Abstract

The endodontic therapy especially in cases of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis is possible whenever there is a deep anesthesia. The failure rate of the technique for lower alveolar nerve block is high (44% -81%), which is why the clinician must consider the existence of multiple factors. Among them is mentioned the pH of the lesion area, the concentration of the anesthetic solution, the presence of cytokines or other mediators of inflammation as well as the patient's components such as stress, nervousness, individual variations. The objective of this literature review is to group the factors involved in the failure of the inferior alveolar nerve block, as well as to disclose the complementary techniques that are currently used to supplement this problem.