Factores asociados a la severidad de labio y/o paladar hendido en la fundación Mashna Asirinki, Cuenca, 2017

Abstract

Background: cleft lip and/or cleft palate is a high impact pathology with complications from the biological, psychological and social point of view for the child and the family, determining a non-normative crisis in it.

Objective: to determine the associated factors with the severity of the cleft lip and/or cleft palate of the infants treated at the Mashna Asirinki Foundation, in the city of Cuenca during the year 2017.

Methodology: an analytical cross-sectional study was carried out, evaluating 106 infants from 0 to 5 years old, by means of interviews with the parents, previous signing of the informed consent, and the application of a previously validated questionnaire, in addition to the review of patients' medical records. The data were analyzed using the SPSS program, version 15. The association between cleft palate severity and risk factors was determined through Chi2, Fisher's test and OR with its 95% CI.

Results: male sex predominated with 51.9%, preschool age with 55.7%, diagnosis of cleft lip and unilateral cleft palate, affecting 41.5% of children; According to the degree of severity of the pathology, the moderate prevailed, with 62.3% of the cases; The risk factor associated with moderate and severe severity was the non-consumption of pregestational folic acid OR: 6.42 (95% CI: 1.31-31.36); p = 0,038.

Conclusions: the pathology was higher in the male sex, with moderate severity and non-consumption of pre-gestational folic acid as an associated risk factor.