Evaluación de 4 cepas de hongos endófitos rizosféricos de solanáceas en la germinación y desarrollo de plántulas de tomate de árbol (Solanum betaceum Cav).

Abstract

Solanum Betaceum Cav. It is a native fruit of great economic interest in Ecuador whose production is concentrated in the inter-Andean zone, therefore the promotion of new technologies is of great importance to improve their cultural practices. It is mentioned that the application of endophytes fungi in different crops has allowed to improve their development, resistance to disease and production. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effect of inoculation of 4 strains of fungi endophytes rhizosphere as promoters of germination and physiological development of tomato tree in both conditions in vitro and nursery. In addition, through the technique of staining and sequencing, the structures were measured and the evaluated strains were recognized: strain A (Fusarium sp), strain B (Chaetomium sp), strain C (Cephalosporium sp), strain D (Cochliobolus sp). As far as the results of germination are concerned, it was obtained that the inoculation with endophytes fungi in the nursery showed that the B strain (Chaetomium sp) decreased the germination time from 40 to 25 days and increased the number of germinated seeds, in compared with the sterile control without innocuousness and unsterilized control. Meanwhile the inoculation of endophytes fungi during transplantation showed that the 4 strains evaluated had a favorable effect on plant height, radicular biomass, stomatal conductance and survival up to 60 days.