Efecto antiinflamatorio de extractos metanólicos de plantas de Azuay y Loja (Ecuador) a través del modelo de peces cebra

Abstract

The biological model of zebrafish has been widely used in primary screening of plant extracts for antiinflammatory effect, due to its genetic, physiological and pharmacological response similarities to mammals. The present study evaluated the antiinflammatory activity of 36 methanol extracts prepared from medicinal plants used by communities in the provinces of Azuay and Loja (Ecuador). The plant material was collected with the support of a Saraguro herbalist. The extracts were prepared by percolation and the toxicity was evaluated in zebrafish model at concentrations ranging from 400 to 3,125 μg/ml; determining the maximum tolerable concentration. The antiinflammatory activity was analyzed by using the leukocyte migration test induced by lipopolysaccharide of Sallmonella typhi. Extracts of: Cestrum aff. peruvianum, Galinsoga parviflora, Galium sp., Oenothera tetraptera, Peperomia aff. galioides , Passiflora ampullaceae and Ambrosia arborescens, equivalent to 18,92% of the analyzed ones, have antiinflammatory potential comparable with the positive controls indomethacin and dexamethasone; being the methanol extract of Cestrum aff. Peruvianum (50 μg/ml), the most relevant. The phytochemical analysis of the extracts by Thin Layer Chromatography showed the presence of saponins and terpenoids as the principal components in most of the extracts.