Guía didáctica para la enseñanza de la física introductoria para los estudiantes de décimo año de EG

Abstract

This thesis proposes a teaching guide for teaching introductory physics to students in the Tenth Year of Basic General Education. It has been theoretically based on constructivist and meaningful learning, typical of the Ecuadorian curriculum. Likewise, the difficulties of teaching introductory physics are exposed, emphasizing the topic of pressure as a physical magnitude, and the educational strategies that will help develop the teaching guide taking into account the advantages and disadvantages of its application. The case study carried out on both teachers of the subject of Natural Sciences and Physics and students in the Tenth Year of Basic and High School at the “Juan Montalvo” Educational Unit, has given results that demonstrate the viability of the proposed teaching guide, which activities are proposed that respond to their pedagogical requirements. The proposal was structured in six classes, each with its objectives and skills, in addition to demonstrations and dynamic activities, both theoretical and experimental. It contains two different learning cycles intending to vary the structure when teaching. It has been concluded that introductory physics is difficult to teach or learn and, by proposing the teaching guide, this problem will be avoided; therefore, applying it and promoting its development in other disciplines is also recommended. Finally, the contribution of this work will be reflected in the field of education, either in the institution where the validity of the proposal was verified or in other establishments with similar difficulties.