Obtención de pinturas a base de pigmentos minerales utilizando dos aglutinantes naturales y uno sintético

Abstract

This research is developed as a phase of the project "Tierras de Colores" and has as its main objective the obtaining of paints from mineral pigments using two natural binders (animal tail, tuna mucilage) and one synthetic (Vinyl polyacetate). The study began with the collection of 11 soil samples from the Oña and Susudel community. Preliminary tests were carried out that allowed to define conditions of formulation in the development of the paints, at an exploratory level were evaluated parameters of viscosity, PH, solid content and power of coverage. According to these tests and their chromatic diversity they allowed to select the three pigments with which they would work in this investigation. In a next stage, paintings were produced varying the concentrations of binders, were applied on supports whose dosage was lime, sand and Cabuya; They were finally exposed to weather conditions for 45 days. The results obtained allowed to establish guidelines to be used in the final stage, for it developed a simple matrix of experimental design in the Software Minitab 17. It was proposed to find an optimal viscosity range that works with all levels of binder, determined this parameter was prepared paints, exposed and assessed their behavior to environmental conditions and performance tests. Finally, the decision of the best-behaved formulations was assessed by Cluster analysis resulting in: for pigment 4 made with white glue in concentrations 5, 10 and 15%, with animal tail at concentrations 15 and 22.5%; For pigment 7 with white glue 5% concentration and animal tail at a concentration of 15% that meet the expectations of quality as adherence, high solid content, low levels of alteration to weathering; finally, for pigment 11 with animal tail at a concentration of 15%.