Estudio del proceso productivo de la elaboración de ladrillos artesanales basado en la norma INEN 3049

Abstract

In this titling work we studied the production process of making bricks in the Sinincay ceramic factory and for this we made a characterization of the raw material, where tests were carried out on the clays that the factory uses for the production of bricks these tests were particle size, humidity, pH and plasticity obtaining data that helped us to identify the factors that influence the process, in addition a characterization to the paste was made at this stage tests such as moisture, plasticity, shrinkage to drying and burning, and finally the characterization of the final product was made, here sizing tests were performed, resistance, absorption and suction of final bricks based on INEN 3049 standard tests. In addition, a statistical analysis was performed using control charts of means and ranges, collecting data for several weeks of factors that influence the whole process to know the behavior of these control charts. This helped us to check whether the process is outside or inside the statistical control, control charts were made for some important parameters within the brick making such as shrinkage to drying, burning and absorption in the final product; at the end of the whole development of this titration work it could be observed by the characterization of the raw material, that clay 2 is the one that contains more fine particles which helps the plasticity, but increases the contraction to drying, while clay 3 is the least thin but has a large percentage of water absorption for mesh #40 and #20, the moisture of the paste should not exceed 15.7% plus the burning cycle should be greater than 800°C for three hours, of the final product was found not to meet the dimensioning, compressive strength and water absorption values set by INEN 3049