Prevalencia del asma y su asociación con la contaminación intradomiciliaria en los niños de 2 a 5 años de los centros de desarrollo infantil, Cuenca, 2012

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of asthma and its association with risk factors such as domiciliary pollution, poverty, pets, plagues such as rodents, aerosols, fuel used for cooking and smoking, inchildrenunder2-5years of the Child Development Centers of Cuenca. 2012.

Methodology: transversal studyon600 children between 24 and59 months of Childcare center of Cuenca City, was conducted by randomizing sample. Validated ISAAC test survey was used for diagnosis of asthma, and intra domiciliary pollutants were investigated using a formulary designed for that purpose, the prevalence ratio(PR) with IC of 95%andChi-square test were used to find association between asthma and intra domiciliary pollutants.

Results: The prevalence of asthma according to ISAAC was38%, higher in those patients who have domestic animals (40.1%), use of aerosols(43.2%), domestic gas as fuel(38%) and smoking (44.9%).

Conclusions: Children exposed to aerosols in home present1.37 times more likely to develop as thmathan those not exposed(p <0.05). Population exposed to second hand smoking at home are 1,27 times more likely to develop as thmathan those not exposed(p <0.05). Overcrowding, the presence of plagues such as rats , domestic pets and using fuel for cocking at home were not statistically associated with the presence of asthma.