Planeamiento óptimo de la expansión y operación de una gran-microrred

Abstract

The high cost and stochastic nature of renewable energy resources (RES), as well as the nature of demand behavior, make the planning, integration and operation of a microgrid a complex issue. It is critical to determine the optimal size of the RES and associated energy storage elements in a microgrid for efficient, economical, and reliable operation. One of the key issues to make microgrid systems competitive and attractive is the optimization of their topology and operation. In this study, a linear programming algorithm is proposed for the optimal sizing of wind generation (Wind turbine WT), solar photovoltaic (PV) and battery energy storage system (BESS) and their associated components in the microgrid configuration. The approach to solve the optimization problem should primarily consider two essential parts: i) a reliable operation and minimum investment cost, and ii) the forced outage rates and costs of PV, WT and BESS, and the tie lines (medium voltage networks) with the electric distribution system. In this work, three (3) systems were tested, in which the behavior of a microgrid was analyzed under conditions of operation connected and disconnected from the distribution network, as well as, a scenario of a “large - Microgrid” system under conditions of isolated or autonomous operation, in which the behavior of the method and the proposed models were analyzed, verifying that the results obtained are reasonable.