Perfil de alteraciones del lenguaje en diferentes tipos de demencias

Abstract

Introduction: Worldwide the life expectancy has increased, so the frequency of diseases of the elderly is increasing, among which are the dementias where different types of disorders are evidenced, being the language abilities one of the most affected areas. Method: This is a descriptive observational study with a sample of 12 patients: three with diagnosis of Alzheimer's with language onset, three with prodromal Alzheimer's disease, three with Mild Cognitive Impairment without evidence of AD and three with Fronto-temporal dementia. The logopedic evaluation was carried out through the application of the Test: Boston "abbreviated format", Test of denomination by Visual Confrontation of Boston and the Test of Comprehension of TOKEN. The analysis was carried out using descriptive statistics with frequencies and percentages. Results: Ten women and two men with an average age of 74.8 ± 5.6 participated, of whom nine had basic studies. In the "Aphasia Severity Scale" of the Boston test, it was determined that three patients with Alzheimer's and three with Fronto-Temporal Dementia were at level one. In listening comprehension and oral expression, eleven patients had difficulty. In the Boston Visual Confrontation Denomination test, nine patients presented alterations in the denomination; four paraphasia, four circumlocutions and three stereotypes. Finally, in the TOKEN Comprehension Test four patients presented very serious deterioration. Conclusions: In this study, all the patients with different types of dementia, presented mixed aphasia with expressive predominance.