Valoración del riesgo nutricional en pacientes mayores de 19 años con el método de la valoración global subjetiva, Departamento de Medicina Interna, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2014

Abstract

Objective: to assess nutritional risks in patients over 19 years hospitalized in the Department of Internal Medicine of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital by means the Subjective Global Assessment method. Methodology: descriptive study on 94 patients over 19 years admitted during the months of June and July 2014, who were nutritionally assessed at admission by using the Subjective Global Assessment questionnaire. The medical records were reviewed for obtaining identification and diagnostics by groups of diseases. The patients with mental disorders were excluded. The software SPSS 15 was used to tabulate data. Measures as frequency, percentages, measures of central tendency (mean) and dispersion measures (standard deviation) were used for statistical analysis. All patients signed an informed consent form. Results: 59.5% of patients had some degree of malnutrition (43.6% nutritional risk and 16% severe). Infectious diseases were the most frequent admission diagnosis (19.1%), and the oncological diseases were associated with more severe malnutrition (8.51%). The average length of hospitalization was 9.71 days. Patients older than 65 and women had more severe malnutrition (9.57% and 8.51%, respectively), and higher nutritional risk (15.95% and 23.4%, respectively). Patients from urban areas have greater nutritional risk. Conclusions: Patients older than 65 and women had higher nutritional risk. The Subjective Global Assessment is an useful and reliable tool for nutritional assessment of the patients at admission.