Análisis de las medidas de salvaguardia aplicadas al régimen aduanero de importación para el consumo y propuesta para solucionar el déficit comercial en el Ecuador

Abstract

Volatility of oil prices and the appreciation of the US dollar are two factors which have had an impact on world trade since 2014, and there is the possibility of having a new world crisis, similar to the crisis of 2008. Ecuadorian economy is boosted mainly by the above-mentioned factors, but it is also susceptible to be affected by natural phenomena. In 2015, a difficult year for our country, an action plan was required. The tool for economic analysis was the Balance of Payments, which has been negative during several years. The goal is to change this situation. Since March, 2015, exchange safeguards are being imposed as tariff surcharges to 2.961 sub products (raw material, capital assets and consumer goods) which come from the import-consumption Customs System, with purpose of correcting the shortage of the trade balance of goods. The results this research has obtained show that the problems Ecuador is going through now are structural and cannot be bettered with a short-term correcting action. Tax discipline and proportionality between income and expenses are needed.