Monitoreo de las especies y hospederos alternativos de los géneros anastrepha y ceratitis en los cantones Girón y Santa Isabel de la provincia del Azuay

Abstract

In the present investigation an evaluation was assessed on the species, the hosts and population fluctuation of fruit flies; monitoring was performed by using McPhail traps and Jackson traps. The district was divided into fruit-growing areas (orchards) for the setting of the traps, placing a total of 21 McPhail traps and 21 Jackson traps, which were separated in the following way: 9 McPhail traps and 9 Jackson traps in Girón and 12 McPhail traps and 12 Jackson traps in Santa Isabel. In this research the following flies were found from the fruit: A. fraterculus Wiedemann, A. distincta Greene, A. grandis Macquart, A. striata Schiner, A. obliqua Macquart, A. serpentina Wiedemann, A. atrox Aldrich, A. macrura Hendel, A. chiclayae Greene, A. sp, Ceratitis capitata Wiedemann, Toxotrypana recurcauda Tigrero. Anastrepha distincta Greene was the most abundant species with 62.96% in Giron and Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann with 44.07% in Santa Isabel. The population fluctuation in Giron was a MTD of 29.94 in January and a minimum MTD of 1.94 in August; while in Santa Isabel population fluctuation was a maximum MTD of 24.82 in November and a minimum MTD of 1.75 in August. They are hosts of Anastrepha fraterculus Wiedemann: Mangifera indica L. (mango), Persea american Mill (avocado) and Carica papaya L. (papaya). Of Anastrepha distincta Greene: Spondias purpurea L (plum), Eriobotrya japonica (Thumb.) (loquat), Mangifera indica L. (mango) and Carica papaya L. (papaya); Anastrepha striata Schiner: Eriobotrya japonica (Thumb.) (loquat); Anastrepha obliqua Macquart: Carica papaya L. (papaya). From September to January the phenology of the hosting fruit species was fruiting, while April through August phenology was withering.