Prevalencia de falla renal y factores de riesgo asociados en pacientes Diabéticos Tipo 2. Consulta externa de Medicina Interna. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017

Abstract

Introduction: Diabetes Mellitus type 2 (DMT2), an evolutive disease, produces chronic complications, with high global prevalence, its progress can be fatal but also preventable knowing its associated factors. Objective: To determine the prevalence of renal failure and associated risk factors in type 2 diabetic patients, external consultation of internal medicine. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca, 2017. Methods and materials: Observational, cross-sectional and analytical study; They included 272 patients diagnosed with (T2DM). To calculate the sample, the following criteria were used: a sample of 272 patients, calculated with 95% confidence level, 5% accuracy and the lowest frequency risk factor: 23% smoking. The analysis was made based on data obtained through the questionnaire and clinical history, for some associated factors previously validated scales were used. Then, with the database and with the help of the SPSS program, frequencies and percentages were analyzed. In the hypothesis test he applied RP, IC95% and p value <0.05. Results: The prevalence of renal failure (FR) in (DMT2) is 26.8%. Significant association was found with glycosylated hemoglobin (Hb1Ac) (p: 0.016) adherence to treatment (PR: 0.54, p: 0.014, 95% CI 0.24% - 0.86%), type of treatment (value of p: 0.010), arterial hypertension (AHT) (RP: 1.92, 95% CI 1.38 - 4.25, p-value: 0.001) Conclusions: We found a prevalence of RF of 26.8% associated with high Hb1Ac, type of treatment, adherence to treatment and (HT) as comorbidity.