Uso de cánula nasal de alto flujo en la unidad de cuidados intensivos pediátricos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca. Enero a diciembre 2021

Abstract

Background: HFNA is a ventilatory mode of oxygen supply, the use of which has been increasing, since it offers positive effects in pediatric patients. Objective: To determine the use of high-flow nasal cannula in patients from 1 month to 15 years admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. 2021. Methods: quantitative descriptive study in 69 patients who were admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit and used a high-flow cannula; the information was obtained from the medical records, the data was recorded in a form prepared by the author and analyzed in the SPSS 25 program; the analysis was based on frequencies, percentages and measures of central tendency (mean). Results: most frequent age group under 2 years (43,5%), male sex (50.7%), urban origin (66.7%). Diagnosis on admission to intensive care was mainly pneumonia (44.9), leading to the use of HFNA in acute hypoxemic respiratory failure (75,4%), 62.3% without comorbidity. They maintained HFNA between 25-72 hours (29%), remaining hospitalized for more than seven days (71%). The heart rate, respiratory rate decreased; SATO2, SAFI, increased and the suprasternal retraction disappeared in the majority; Ph, PO2 increased, PCO2 decreased. Therapeutic failure in 10.1% of patients (5.8% <24 hours). Adverse effects 1.4% (epistaxis). Conclusions: patients who use the high-flow cannula have a good evolution, with a low percentage of failure and few adverse effects.