Evaluación y optimización de rutas de recolección de residuos y desechos en la Empresa Municipal Mancomunada de Aseo Integral del Pueblo Cañarí, EMMAIPC EP.

Abstract

The objective of this study is to optimize the waste and waste collection routes of the Municipal Joint Venture Company of the Cañari People (EMMAIPC EP) of the province of Cañar for better resource management, by analyzing 26 routes of collection belonging to the cantons Biblián, Cañar, El Tambo and Suscal. The diagnosis made in this study is based on the Solid Waste Generation, Collection and Transfer model used by SEDESOL (2011) in Mexico, to determine the balance between productive and unproductive routes in garbage collection. The work began with the identification of collection routes in maps generated by Google Earth; then, with the help of Geographic Information System (GIS) techniques, the routes of the collection trucks were simulated; then, new routes were designed; and finally, we proceeded to compare the current routes with the initial ones based on a model of two equations, focused on optimizing time and resources. The results showed indices well above and below the theoretical optimum (0%), evidencing that there are many waste generation points that are not assisted by the collection trucks due to lack of time; while, in other cases, there are routes in which the time is over once all your collection points are covered. Faced with this, the routes were modified in order to compensate for the negative values of the variation index between the productive and unproductive routes.