Validación de la Escala de Padua como predictor de riesgo tromboembólico venoso en pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de Clínica. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca. 2017 – 2019

Abstract

Introduction: venous thromboembolic disease is a cause of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients, the validation of predictive risk scales such as the Padua one, will allow stratifying patients and determining the use of thromboprophylaxis.

Objective: to determine the validity of the Padua Scale as a predictor of venous thromboembolic risk in hospitalized patients in the Clinic service of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital during 2017 - 2019.

Methodology: a diagnostic test validation study was carried out. The gold standard was the occurrence of the venous thromboembolic event, and the test to be validated, the Padua Scale. The sample was calculated with a sensitivity and specificity of the study test of 50% and 75% respectively, and of the imaging tests of 90%, a confidence index of 95%. A sample of 208 patients was obtained, 104 sick and 104 healthy. The information was obtained from the AS-400 system and the data were analyzed using Epidat 3.1, SPSS test version and Excel 2013.

Results: the average age was 63.2 years, 58.7% female, 65.38% with use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis and the most frequent form of VTE was deep vein thrombosis in 70.2%. Sensitivity 89.78%, specificity 81.13%, positive and negative predictive value of 82.63% and 88.82%, Youden index 0.71, AUC 0.78 and the optimal cut-off point of 3.

Conclusion: The study is not conclusive in favor of the use of the Padua Scale, however, its specificity makes it possible to avoid the unnecessary use of pharmacological thromboprophylaxis.