Prevalencia y factores asociados al control glicémico en pacientes con Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2016-2017

Abstract

Introduction: diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) is referred by the WHO as the third cause of death in the world, its prevalence is 9.5-10%, in hospitalization represents between 12-25% of the income, great part because of intercurrent diseases, often in these patients diabetes is decompensated. Knowing that only one third of patients carry out optimal metabolic control objectives, this is associated with significant morbidity and mortality due to micro and macrovascular complications.

Objective: know the prevalence of glycemic control and the associated factors in patients admitted to José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. Method: observational, cross-sectional and analytical study was conducted from May 2016 to December 2017, the sample was randomized consisting of 280 adult patients who entered the clinic service with diagnosis of DM2. For the hypothesis was used the test the Chi square statistic and a value of p <0.05 was accepted for the test. For the multivariate analysis, binary logistic regression was used. Results: the prevalence of glycemic control is inadequate in 62.1% of the patients, more frequent in women (65.1%), age equal to or greater than 60 years (82.2%), persons without studies (86.7%). %), dysfunctional family (80.4%), in patients who had 5 or more years of diagnosis (64.1%), in patients who use insulin (67.4%), not adherent to treatment (81.3%) , without medical control or with irregular controls (86.3%), patients without comorbidities (90.2%) and with low level of physical activity (65.1%). In the multivariate analysis, the variables with most influenced was the age, level of education and glycosylated hemoglobin. Conclusions: inadequate control was more frequent in women, in patients with 60 years or older, people without studies, in patients with dysfunctional family, with 5 years or more since the diagnosis, in patients who use insulin and combined oral therapy, non-adherent to treatment, without medical control and patients with poor level of physical activity. Therefore, the measures must be taken in these vulnerable groups