Medicación antihipertensiva y sus reacciones adversas en la cavidad oral. Una revisión de la literatura.

Abstract

The use of antihypertensive medication has made it possible to reduce complications related to arterial hypertension. However, the use of these drugs has generated adverse reactions in the oral cavity such as xerostomia, gingival hyperplasia, taste alterations, among others. The present study aims to identify in the literature the adverse reactions or undesirable effects related to antihypertensive therapy. A search was carried out in the digital bases in PubMed, Scopus, Scielo and Google Scholar, 27 articles published between 2010-2021, 5 clinical guides and 3 books were selected. The antihypertensive drugs with the highest number of reports in the literature were: angiotensinconverting enzyme inhibitors, calcium channel blockers and diuretics, these being the ones with the highest number of reported adverse reactions in the oral cavity. Xerostomia, taste disturbances and gingival hyperplasia are the most frequent oral manifestations related to the use of antihypertensives in this review.