Evaluación de la riqueza y diversidad de especies, eficiencia energética, carbono aéreo y clorofila en sistemas agroforestales en la cuenca baja del Río Bulubulu entre las provincias de Cañar y Guayas

Abstract

The natural ecosystem of the Ecuadorian coast and the PFE have been strongly affected by human activity to generate intensive productive agricultural activities, therefore it is essential to know the importance that agroforestry systems produce in the ecosystem. This research evaluated species richness and diversity, energy efficiency, aerial carbon and chlorophyll in agroforestry systems in the lower basin of the Bulu-bulu river between the provinces of Cañar and Guayas, in order to improve the information on the subject and to look for relationships between all the elements. Allometric equations were used to estimate carbon, an atLEAF equipment was used to measure the chlorophyll index, energy efficiency was measured using input and output surveys, and species richness and diversity were calculated using alpha and beta indexes. Plots of 500 m2 were established in production systems that were stratified by number and size. The energy input with the highest amount was organic fertilizers in medium agroforestry systems with 51.08% and an average of 5325.89 MJ/ha. In the case of beta diversity, it was obtained that a similarity of 0.66% of species in the 3 sizes of PFS. The aerial carbon content was higher in the small farms with 0.72 t C/ha and the species that stores more aerial biomass was Handroanthus chrysantus with 0.48 t C/ha. In terms of chlorophyll, the species Citrus sinensis presented a higher median of 75.13 atLeaf units.