Resonancia magnética mamaria en la valoración y etapificación preoperatoria en pacientes diagnosticadas de cáncer de mama en SOLCA, Cuenca, 2016- 2019

Abstract

Background: breast cancer represents the most frequent neoplasia among women worldwide. Breast Magnetic Resonance is an imaging study with enormous value in diagnosis, staging, and treatment, being a tool that provides information on tumor size, degree of local extension, multifocality, multicentricity, bilaterality, among others, many times not provided by other imaging studies. Objective: to describe the findings of Breast Magnetic Resonance in the assessment and preoperative staging in patients diagnosed with breast cancer SOLCA, Cuenca, 2016-2019. Methods: quantitative, observational, descriptive and retrospective study with 131 patients with breast cancer. Medical records were reviewed and the different variables were recorded using a form. Statistical analysis was performed using the SPSS 15 program, the results were presented using frequencies, percentages, mean, standard deviation, asymmetry, kurtosis, and the Kolmogórov-Smirnov test. Results: Average age was 47 years, 54.20% were married. The most frequent level of education was secondary (33.59%), the majority had urban residence (90.08%) 57.26% were multiparous, 57.25% had exposure to hormonal contraceptives, and 19.08% had a family history of breast cancer. The most frequent histological type was ductal carcinoma (78.63%) and molecular type Luminal B (41.98%) 87.79% had BI-RADS VI classification. The most frequent imaging finding was malignant-looking axillary lymph nodes (30.53%). 30.53% underwent total mastectomy. Change in therapeutic attitude was 41.98%. Conclusions: MRI determines additional findings more frequently in ductal and lobular carcinoma and allows adequate preoperative planning.