Entre la Libertad de Conciencia y la Autonomía Reproductiva: Esterilización Voluntaria en Ecuador

Abstract

This research examines the critical tension between reproductive autonomy and medical conscientious objection, positing that the absence of clear regulation has transformed the latter into a mechanism of systematic obstruction against Voluntary Surgical Sterilization. Through a critical doctrinal analysis, the study introduces the category of "abusive objection" to describe how structural gender biases and maternity mandates are masked as moral imperatives, thereby infringing upon the patient’s life projects. It is argued that this barrier not only restricts access to healthcare but also constitutes an invisibilized form of gynecological-obstetric violence. Finally, the thesis proposes a reform to harmonize these fundamental rights, ensuring that professional conscience does not function as an instrument of control over individuals reproductive lives, nor nullify their capacity for self-determination.