Establecimiento de especificaciones de humedad del polvo atomizado y presión de prensado a usar, en relación a rangos determinados de propiedades físicas de las baldosas cerámicas para conseguir estabilidad dimensional y aplicación de control estadístico

Abstract

The dimensional stability of ceramic tiles is crucial as it ensures product quality. This stability is related to the caliber, which determines the dimensions of the tiles (length, width, and thickness). For the company, it is crucial to increase the quantity of tiles with central calibers, as this provides a higher percentage of top-quality tiles. This study focuses on several elements that influence dimensional stability: atomized powder humidity, pressing pressure, and apparent density. It has been carried out in the 45 cm x 45 cm format using gres technology. In the first phase of the study, conducted at the laboratory level, the relationship between slip and atomized powder properties was analyzed, as well as the connection between atomized powder characteristics, pressing pressure, and initial piece density. Additionally, isocompaction graphs were generated to identify the correlation between the pressure applied in the press and the humidity present in the powder. In the second stage, production data such as atomized powder humidity, apparent density in green, apparent density in dry, and contraction percentage in the formed ceramic tiles were analyzed to create a table that relates humidity ranges to pressure. In the final stage, a massive data collection was carried out to develop the statistical control adjustment phase, observing a difference between specification limits and calculated control limits. As a result, the company achieved a 7.84% increase in central caliber, leading to a significant improvement in the dimensional stability of ceramic tiles.