Evaluación del efecto toxicológico del cigarrillo a través de biomarcadores, en fumadores activos universitarios de la Facultad de Agronomía, Silvicultura, Pesca y Veterinaria, de la Universidad Católica de Cuenca

Abstract

Cigarette smoking is a Public Health problem, for the action of the toxic substances, it promotes a state of oxidative stress in active smokers, causing cardiovascular, respiratory and metabolic problems. In this research, serum concentration of biomarkers for carbon monoxide and oxidative stress, Carboxyhemoglobin (COHb) and Malondialdehyde (MDA) were analyzed in smokers respectively, as well as triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol that could be affected as a result of oxidative stress. Population was conformed by 58 university students of the Faculty of Agronomy, Forestry, Fishing and Veterinary, of the Catholic University of Cuenca. Determination of % COHb, the pulsimetry method was used by CO-pulse oximeter RAD-57TM SET, for Malondialdehyde the commercial kit OxiSelectTMTBARS Assay kit was used with spectrophotometric technique. Determinations of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol the commercial kit HUMAN with spectrophotometric technique was used. Results obtained from the study group of initial % COHb (5.56 ± 1.35) and final % COHb (7.28 ± 1.83) showed statistically significant differences (p <0.001) compared the control group that have an initial % COHb value (2.17 ± 0.95) and final % COHb (2.45 ± 1.11). Concerning the values of MDA (umol / L) there were statistically significant differences (p <0.001), having the study group (11.03 ± 3.42) unlike the control group (3.64 ± 0.93), while the results of triglycerides, LDL cholesterol and HDL cholesterol did not show statistically significant differences (p> 0.001) between the study group and the control group.