Auscultación cervical: alternativa no invasiva en el diagnóstico de disfagia en niños con problemas de neurodesarrollo

Abstract

The children with neurological disorders often have dysphagia, a condition that causes respiratory infection to repetition, malnutrition, poor quality of life, their early diagnosis allow to decide on the best intervention. The videofluoroscopy and videoendoscopia are invasive diagnostic techniques, which are expensive and therefore difficult to make, causing delay in diagnosis and intervention. Today there are new noninvasive medical technologies that can be very effective, one is the cervical auscultation which listens to the sounds of swallowing through a stethoscope or other measuring device such as placing a microphone or an accelerometer on the surface of the neck. This method has the principle that the sound and/or biological normal swallowing movements are different of the abnormal. In this article we review the social relevance, the diagnosis of dysphagia, the clinical applications of the cervical auscultation and the devices used to perform it, which is presented as a basis to establish its potential use for the detection of dysphagia in children with neurodevelopmental problems. These theoretical orientations allow the doctor to have more successful performances in the comprehensive diagnosis of children with neurological dysfunction