Cuantificación de calcio coronario y riesgo cardiovascular determinado por tomografía computarizada en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo 2, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2014-2019

Abstract

Background: Diabetes mellitus type 2 is associated with increased cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Identification of calcium in the coronary arteries is an objective method for cardiovascular risk stratification in diabetic patients, and it is also important to identify the demographic, clinical, and nutritional characteristics of this group. Objective: To quantify coronary calcium and categorize cardiovascular risk determined by computed tomography in patients with DM2, José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital. Cuenca, 2014– 2019. Methods: Cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive study with 91 diabetic patients. The medical records were reviewed, and once the inclusion criteria were met, variables were collected: sociodemographic, clinical, nutritional, and coronary calcium score, quantified by the Agatston method using a 64-slice multidetector tomograph. The data were analyzed and processed in the IBM SPSS Statistics program (free version 1.0.0-1875). Frequencies and percentages were obtained for qualitative variables. Mean, standard, asymmetry, kurtosis and the KolmogórovSmirnov test for the quantitative ones. Results: The mean age was 65 years; 53.85% were women; 54.95% had a rural residence; 51,65% had basal glucose <130 mg/dl; 58.24% had HbA1c <7%; 68,13% did not present antilipid treatment; 64.84% had cholesterol >200 mg/dl; 70.33% had triglycerides >150 mg/dl; 78.02% were hypertensive; and 85.72% had a BMI >25. 56.04% did not present coronary calcium (without cardiovascular risk). The anterior descending artery and the right coronary artery were involved with 33% and 23%, respectively. Conclusions: 56% of diabetic patients did not present cardiovascular risk with 0AU of coronary calcium.