Prevalencia de embarazo en adolescentes y factores asociados en el Hospital Luis F. Martínez - Cañar 2017

Abstract

Objective: To determine the prevalence of pregnancy in adolescents and associated factors in the Hospital Luis F Martínez in the province of Cañar in the year 2017.

Method and materials: A cross-sectional prevalence study was carried out, with the sample calculation being made based on the pregnancy prevalence percentage (11.6%) obtained from previous results, giving a total of 200 female adolescents. Data were collected by survey and clinical history data and tabulated in the database in the SPSS 22.0 program.

Results: Among the factors that predispose to pregnancy in adolescence are: late adolescence (92%), mestizo ethnic self-identification (52.5%), low academic level (41%), free union (51.5%), being a housewife (51.5%) %), low and low average socioeconomic status (p value: 0.0065%), living distant from the health center (p value: 0.0041), consumption of psychoactive substances (p value: 0.0053), migration of one of parents (p value: 0.0025), school dropout (p value: 0.0000) and family dysfunction (p value: 0.0000). The prevalence of pregnancy in adolescents is 18 %. Conclusions: The following factors are associated with adolescent pregnancy: low or medium low socioeconomic status (p 0.0065), living distant from the health center (p 0.0041), consumption of psychoactive substances (p 0, 0053), parental migration (p 0.0025), school dropout (p 0.0000) and antecedent of previous pregnancies (p 0.0000), while age under 15 was a protective factor (p 0, 0000). The rest of the variables studied, although they showed associations, these were not statistically significant.