Frecuencia de la insuficiencia pre-renal aguda, características clínicas y sociodemográficas. En pacientes ingresados al área de cuidados intensivos pediátricos del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, Ecuador. Enero 2017 - diciembre 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND. Acute kidney injury is an entity that causes damage to the internal environment, exacerbating its clinical picture during hospital stay.

OBJECTIVE. To determine the frequency and clinical characteristics of Acute Renal Insufficiency of pre-renal cause in children admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care area of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital.

METHODOLOGY. A descriptive study was carried out. The universe consisted of all patients admitted to the Intensive Care unit, of which those who met the inclusion criteria (96 patients) were analyzed; the information was collected from the medical records in a form prepared by the author. In statistical analysis, the SPSS version 15 program was used, the qualitative variables are presented in the form of frequencies and percentages, and in the quantitative variables, measures of central tendency were used as the mean.

RESULTS: The frequency of Acute Kidney Injury of prerenal cause is 19%, in this study there is a higher frequency in males with 58.3% and in the age group of 2 to 5 years with 61.4%, according to the pRIFLE categorization, most patients are were at Risk (54.17%). The onset of Acute Renal Damage in 43.8% of patients was less than 24 hours after admission and the resolution was presented in the68.8%between 24 to 48 hours. Mortality in these patients was 21.9%.

CONCLUSIONS: Acute Kidney Injury is frequent and increases morbidity and mortality in patients.