Person:
Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía

Birth Date

1981-01-15

ORCID

0000-0002-2157-9627

Scopus Author ID

57223046836

Afiliación

Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Cuenca, Ecuador

País

Ecuador

Organizational Units

Organizational Unit

Facultad de Ciencias Químicas

Fundada en 1955 como la Escuela de Química Industrial, la facultad ha sido un pilar fundamental en la formación de profesionales altamente capacitados, comprometidos con el desarrollo de la ciencia, la educación y el bienestar social. La Facultad de Ciencias Químicas pone a consideración su trabajo académico, investigativo y de vinculación con la sociedad, desarrollado a través de la práctica de una docencia de calidad, investigación e innovación en su área de estudio. Desde su oficio de conocimiento se permite contribuir a la sociedad con cuatro carreras: Bioquímica y Farmacia, Ingeniería Química, Ingeniería Ambiental e Ingeniería Industrial. Su carta de presentación en la Academia, la coloca como una dependencia dinámica, donde confluye la solidez de una trayectoria de más de sesenta años. Aquí se trabaja en una continua formación de pregrado y posgrado de la más alta calidad, mediante la mejora continua con la innovación y a la vanguardia de las ciencias químicas.

Job Title

Profesor (T)

Last Name

Astudillo Alemán

First Name

Ana Lucía

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Now showing 1 - 8 of 8

Efecto genotóxico del material particulado PM2.5 recolectado en la zona urbana de Cuenca - Ecuador sobre la línea celular de ovario de hámster chino CHO-K1
(2020) Narváez Vera, Mónica Alexandra; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; García Alvear, Nancy Beatriz; Moscoso Vanegas, Diana Lucía; Mejía Coronel, Julio Danilo; Vasquez Sigcho, Pamela Elizabeth; Maza, Diego; Bailón Moscoso, Natalia
Toxicological and epidemiological studies have a manifesto that particulate matter (PM), specifically PM2.5 has negative effects on human health, associated with mortality, heart failure, respiratory disorders, lung diseases, and cancer. The toxicity and inflammatory effect of these particles are related to their size and chemical characteristics. The objective of this study was to determine the characteristics of the soluble aqueous and organic fractions of the particulate material PM 2.5 collected in the monitoring sites of the urban area of the city of Cuenca-Ecuador and to evaluate its genotoxic activity by means of the test of the comet of in the Chinese hamster ovary cells line CHO-K1. The gravimetric analysis of the samples revealed that two of the study sites exceeded the limit of 25 ug / m3 established by the WHO. In the characterization of water and organic fractions, the presence of metals such as Fe and Zn and aromatic hydrocarbons such as benzo(a) anthracene determined, respectively. Cells were exposed to 3,26 m3 of air /mL of aqueous extracts and 1,63 m3 of air/ mL of organic extracts. Finally, it was observed that the extracts obtained from PM2.5 induce genotoxic in the length of tail length measured by the comet assay; this type of damage can be attributed to the combination of the detected chemical species
Phyto-toxic effect of particular material PM10 collected in the urban area of the city of Cuenca, Ecuador
(2019) Espinoza Molina, Claudia Viviana; Moscoso Vanegas, Diana Lucía; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Narváez Vera, Mónica Alexandra; Monroy Morocho, Lorena Marisol
Los contaminantes atmosféricos causan efectos adversos sobre los vegetales, no obstante, a ciencia cierta, se desconoce el efecto del PM10 sobre estos, la presente investigación tiene por objeto determinar el efecto fitotóxico de extractos acuosos de material particulado PM10, provenientes de tres sitios de la zona urbana del cantón Cuenca, Ecuador, mediante el método descrito en la normativa nacional (texto unificado de Legislación Ambiental Secundaria del Ministerio del Ambiente), sobre el crecimiento de la raíz y el hipocótilo de semillas de Lactuca sativa, Brassica oleracea itálica, Raphanus sativus. Para la caracterización del material particulado en metales pesados (cadmio, manganeso, níquel y plomo) se empleó el método de espectroscopia de absorción atómica EPA 3005a, posteriormente se obtuvieron los extractos acuosos con agua ultra pura por ultrasonicación durante 30 minutos, las semillas fueron expuestas a cuatro diluciones de la fracción acuosa de PM10 (100%, 10%, 1% y 0,1%) por un tiempo de exposición de corta duración, los datos fueron analizados en los programas IBM SPSS Statistics 22 y GraphPad Prism y mediante el estadígrafo de Kruskal Wallis. Los resultados muestran que el efecto fitotóxico del PM10 podría atribuirse a las especies reportadas en el extracto acuoso (Mn, Ni, Pb y Cd) además se evidenció que la inhibición al crecimiento del hipocotilo fue superior al de la raíz.
Niveles de material particulado en la zona urbana de Cuenca-Ecuador y su relación con el tráfico vehicular
(2018) García Alvear, Nancy Beatriz; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Moscoso Vanegas, Diana Lucía; Mejía Coronel, Julio Danilo; Narváez Vera, Mónica Alexandra; Vázquez Guillén, Cinthya Pamela
The urban area of Cuenca has a high vehicular traffic: a problem that has grown over time. Levels of air emissions have also increased, especially particulate matter that affects human health. The objective of this work was to quantify sedimentable particulate matter (SPM), breathable particulate matter, and determine if there is a relationship between these emission and vehicular traffic. The results of this work show remarkable differences between the different points of traffic count. These points establish specific zones of conflicting vehicular transit. SPM and MP2.5 distribution maps are not mandatorily coincident, which shows that there is not direct relationship between the number of mobile sources, and the concentrations of both types of particulate matter. Evidently, pollutants dispersion is a complex phenomenon; thus, it must be analysed from the perspective of multiple variables
Chemical characterization and study of the genotoxicity and induction of oxidative stress of particulate material pm10 from the urban area of Cuenca –Ecuador
(Asociación española de toxicología, 2015-01-01) Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Garcia Alvear, Nancy Beatriz
Exposure to environmental particles is a risk factor that causes damage to human health, such as respiratory and cardiovascular diseases and cancer. The toxicity and inflammatory effects of these particles is related to their size and chemical characteristics. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical characteristics of the aqueous fraction of Particulate Matter PM10, collected in three monitoring sites Cuenca-Ecuador, and to evaluate their genotoxic activity and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in human alveolar epithelial cell line A-549. Samples were collected using a low volume equipment. Particulate matter concentrations determined by gravimetric analysis in the three study points exceeded the 50 ug / m3 limit stated in the Ecuadorian legislation. In the characterization of the aqueous solution the presence of anions (Cl-, NO3 -, SO4 -2) and heavy metals (Cr, Fe, Ni, Zn, Cu, Mn) was determined by ion chromatography techniques and atomic absorption spectroscopy, respectively; SO4 -2 and Fe showed the highest concentrations. The A-549 cells were exposed to different concentrations (0.82, 1.25 and 1.63 m3 / mL) fraction of water-soluble PM10, in order to observe the possible genotoxic effect by the comet assay and the amount inducing reactive oxygen species by fluorimetry. It was finally determined that the aqueous -soluble extracts of PM10 induce cell damage under (type I), and increase the production of ROS in cells A-549, which could pose a risk to the health of the exposed population of the city of Cuenca
A new approach for scaling up fixed-bed adsorption columns for aqueous systems: a case of antibiotic removal on natural adsorbent
(2022) Juela Quintuña, Diego Marcelo; Vera Cabezas, Luisa Mayra; Cruzat Contreras, Christian Américo; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Vanegas Peña, María Eulalia
The scaling up of adsorption columns is a crucial step toward the removal of emerging pollutants from domestic and industrial wastewaters. In this study, a fixed-bed column to remove sulfamethoxazole packed with sugarcane bagasse was scaled up from laboratory (DL = 2.2 cm) to pilot unit (DP = 4.4 cm) using a scaling factor (K = 2). In addition to the basic similarity rules for scaling, three new criteria were proposed for the mass adsorbent, flow rate, and bed volume. Then, three lab-scale tests at flow rate of 5 mL/min and bed heights of 15, 25, and 35 cm were transferred to the pilot-scale column at flow rate of 20 mL/min and bed heights of 30, 50, and 70 cm, respectively. The breakthrough curves and the fixed-bed parameters (residence time tR, saturation time ts, adsorption capacity qe, volume of solution treated Vef, and removal percentage %R) obtained in both scales were compared to define their effect with the increase of scale. Finally, a mechanistic model was proposed to predict the breakthrough curves in both columns. The results exhibited that the breakthrough curves in the pilot-scale prolonged in time with higher breakthrough and saturation times than the laboratory breakthrough data. Additionally, tR, ts, and Vef changed in function of the K value used: ts and tR doubled their value in the pilot column or ; Vef was eight times higher in the pilot column than the lab-column or ; qe and %R remained constant in both scales; these results were corroborated with the predicted breakthrough curves. Besides, the mechanistic model predicted with great precision the breakthrough data in both scales (R2>0.9), which means that the model can be used confidently for scaling up purposes. This study demonstrated new criteria which can be easily applied to scale up adsorption columns whit results that showed a correlation between both scales.
Impact of electrical energy efficiency programs, case study: food processing companies in Cuenca, Ecuador
(2014-04-01) Carrillo Rojas, Galo José; Andrade Rodas, Juan Manuel; Barragán Escandón, Edgar Antonio; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía
This exploratory study illustrates the effects of the application of electrical energy efficiency programs in 7 food processing companies in Cuenca, Ecuador. The research encompassed phases of diagnosis, intervention and evaluation. A comparative analysis between the companies was conducted: energy consumption versus product volume, energy-quality analysis, relation between compliance/specific energy consumption, and the impact on CO2 emissions. Results revealed that the acceptance to the recommendations of savings is biased by the level of investments and the willing/proneness of the administration. The study showed that interventions had a partial effect on the reduction of the specific energy consumption in 4 companies. In addition, it has obtained a positive effect on the power factor correction in one company and an improvement on the load balance in 5. The research showed the existence of a significant reduction of emissions post-intervention, highlighting the effectiveness of the programs. © The authors; licensee Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
Nanofiltración/ósmosis inversa en la separación de fármacos de efluentes
(2021) González, Enrique; Vera Cabezas, Luisa Mayra; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Cruzat Contreras, Christian Américo; Solórzano, A.
Membrane separation processes can be an effective barrier against pharmaceuticals and other organic compounds present in water sources. This investigation presents the results of the separation of ciprofloxacin (CIPRO) and sulfamethoxazole (SULFA) in aqueous solution with nanofiltration membranes (NF) and reverse osmosis (OI) at a concentration in the feed of 5 mg / L and the influence of pH on separation mechanisms. With RO membranes, rejection was 100% for CIPRO and greater than 98% for SULFA at the studied pH. For the NF, the pH had influences on the separation of the SULFA, obtaining in the rejection 73.7% at pH 5 and at pH 7 and 9 greater than 94%. In the case of CIPRO, rejection percentages greater than 91% were obtained. The rejection obtained with the solution of the mixture of the two drugs shows no change since the percentages of rejections are very close to the results obtained in the study of the drugs separately. The transmembrane pressure did not influence the rejection of the drugs.
Inventario de emisiones atmosféricas provenientes de fuentes fijas de combustión del Parque Industrial del cantón Cuenca-Ecuador
(2018) Moscoso Vanegas, Diana Lucia; Astudillo Alemán, Ana Lucía; Morales Pérez, Mayra Caridad
The estimation of atmospheric emissions from fixed sources of combustion is currently a necessity in the management of the urban air quality of the Cuenca city. It is extremely important to have the information of the inventory of emissions, which allows to determine the impact generated in the air, which visibly affects human health and ecosystem. The objective of this research was to quantify and estimate the atmospheric emissions of the most representative pollutants generated in fixed sources of combustion processes. For this purpose, 30 companies from different economic sectors were selected; the methodology for the preparation of the inventory is based on the use of emi ssion factors and automatic sampling at the source. The results show that sulphur dioxide (SO 2 ) generated by paperboard elaboration and others, is the highest pollutant, with a total of 24.01kg / h. This amount is produced because the company which elabor ates this item uses fuel with a high proportion of sulphur, and works continually the 7 days a week; the pollutant emitted in less quantity is the carbon monoxide (CO) generated mainly by the metalworking sector with a total of 7,52kg / h. Referring to th e nitrogen oxides (NOx), the highest pollutant corresponds to the Production of ceramics, pipes and galvanized products with a total of 13,83kg / h, which is attributed to the use of different sources of combustion.