Person:
Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena

Birth Date

1977-03-02

ORCID

0000-0003-4711-9650

Scopus Author ID

26534918700

Afiliación

Universidad de Cuenca, Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Cuenca, Ecuador

País

Ecuador

Organizational Units

Organizational Unit

Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias

El 21 de abril de 1982, por resolución del Honorable Consejo Universitario se establece la Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias, de la Universidad de Cuenca. La Facultad de Ciencias Agropecuarias es una institución formadora de talento humano en el área agronómica, a través de una educación de calidad, centrada en la investigación y vinculación con la colectividad. Los futuros profesionales médicos veterinarios zootecnistas e ingenieros agrónomos, durante su permanencia en las aulas y estudio de campo, desarrollan conocimientos científicos-tecnológicos, competencias y destrezas en procesos de producción agropecuaria. Se los prepara con el fin de preservar la salud de los animales y recursos naturales, fomentando la seguridad alimentaria, respetando el medio ambiente dentro del marco del Buen Vivir, englobado en las necesidades de la región y el país.

Job Title

Profesor (T)

Last Name

Palomeque Pesántez

First Name

Fanny Ximena

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Now showing 1 - 9 of 9

Ecohydrological disturbances associated with roads: current knowledge, research needs, and management concerns with reference to the tropics
(2018) Wemple , Beverley C.; Browning, Trevor N.; Ziegler, Alan D.; Celi Cruz, Jorge Luis; Chun Sun, Kwak Pan; Jaramillo Carvajal, Flavio Fernando; Leite, Nei K.; Ramchunder, Sorain J.; Negish, Junjiro N.; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Sawyer, Derek; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena
Roads are a pervasive form of disturbance with potential to negatively affect ecohydrological processes. Some of the fastest and most rapid growth is occurring in developing countries, particularly in the tropics, where political agendas are often focused on strengthening the economy, improving infrastructure, bolstering national security, achieving self-sufficiency, and increasing citizen well-being, often at the expense of the environment. We review what is known about road impacts on ecohydrological processes, focusing on aquatic systems, both temperate and tropical. We present seven cases that represent the broader trends of road development and impacts in tropical settings. Many of these process dynamics and impacts are not different from those experienced in temperate settings, although the magnitude of impacts in the tropics may be amplified with intense rainfall and lack of best-management practices applied to road construction/maintenance. Impacts of roads in tropical settings may also be unique because of particular organisms or ecosystems effected. We outline a set of best practices to improve road-network management and provide recommendations for adopting an agenda of research and road management in tropical settings. Importantly, we call for incorporation of transdisciplinary approaches to further study of the effects of roads on ecohydrological processes in the tropics. Specific emphasis should also be placed on collaboration with governments and developers that are championing road development to help identify the drivers of road expansion and thresholds of negative impact, as well as methods of sustainable road construction and maintenance.
Comparison of natural regeneration in natural grassland and pine plantations across an elevational gradient in the páramo ecosystem of southern Ecuador
(2019) Quiroz Dahik, Carlos Alberto; Marín Molina, Franklin Geovanny; Arias Chumbi, Ruth Eulalia; Crespo Sánchez, Patricio Javier; Weber, Michael; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena
During the 1980s, reforestation programs using exotic species (Pinus spp.) were established in the páramo ecosystem of Ecuador. The aims of this study were: (1) to compare the natural regeneration between pine plantations (Pi) and natural grassland (NG) across an elevational gradient and (2) to identify the attributes of Pi and soil properties that were influencing herbaceous and woody plant composition and their plant cover. In total, six independent Pinus patula (Schltdl. & Cham. plantations (two per each elevation) were selected and distributed in an elevational range (3200–3400, 3400–3600, 3600–3800 m a.s.l.). Adjacent to Pi, plots in NG were established for recording natural regeneration. Both, namely the attributes and the soil samples, were measured in Pi. The results showed that natural regeneration differs significantly between both types of vegetation. As expected, NG holds more plant diversity than Pi; the elevational range showed a clear tendency that there was more herbaceous richness when elevation range increases, while the opposite was found for woody species. Moreover, attributes of Pi influenced herbaceous and woody vegetation, when saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ksat) in the soil, basal area (BA) and canopy density (CD) increased, herbaceous species richness and its cover decreseased; and when Ksat and the acidity in the soil increased, woody plants richness and its cover decreased. The plantations have facilitated the establishment of shade tolerant species. More studies are needed to evaluate if removal with adequate management of pine plantations can improve the restoration and conservation of the native vegetation of the páramo ecosystem.
Evaluación de la conectividad estructural y funcional en el corredor de conservación Podocarpus-Yacuambi, Ecuador
(2017) Alonso, Ana Milena; Finegan, Bryan; Brenes, Christian; Günter, Sven; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena
Con el objetivo de determinar el grado de conectividad estructural en el corredor de conectividad Podocarpus-Yacuambi (Yawi-sumak) en el sur del Ecuador, se evaluaron métricas del paisaje y se analizó la conectividad funcional en tres especies de mamíferos con requerimientos ecológicos contrastantes: Tapirus pinchaque, Sturnira erythromos y Cebus albifrons. El corredor tiene una extensión de 315346 hectáreas, la cobertura con la mayor proporción es el bosque (71%), paisaje correspondiente a un tipo de alteración “jaspeada”; sin embargo, este uso del suelo tuvo una de las mayores densidades de fragmento (0,25/100 ha), la mayor densidad de borde, contraste de borde y uno de los más bajos índices de conectividad, lo cual es indicativo de fragmentación. A nivel de paisaje, el índice de contagio fue de 74% y la conectividad con un umbral de distancia de 40 Km alcanzó el 74%. El hábitat óptimo para el Tapirus pinchaque abarcó la mayor proporción del corredor (78%), para Sturnira erythromos fue de 72%, mientras que Cebus albifrons obtuvo (29%). Los fragmentos de hábitat que pueden servir como puentes de paso para las tres especies se encuentran principalmente en los poblados de Tutupali, 28 de mayo e Imbana, por lo que es necesario priorizar estas áreas para hacer proyectos de producción sostenible y conservación. Aunque el bosque abarca una gran proporción de la zona, la conectividad estructural es baja debido a la fragmentación. La conectividad funcional para el tapir y el murciélago es óptima; no obstante, existen cuellos de botella en las zonas fragmentadas.
Natural or assisted succession as approach of forest recovery on abandoned lands with different land use history in the Andes of southern Ecuador
(2017) Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Günter, Sven; Siddons David, Christopher Null; Hildebrandt, Patrick; Stimm, Bernd; Aguirre, Nikolay; Arias Chumbi, Ruth Eulalia; Weber, Michael
Forest recovery on disturbed areas is of special significance in the Ecuadorian Andes, where deforestation is a serious problem. Natural diachronic succession was evaluated on three large plots or sites, differing in their land use and vegetation composition, one is dominated by grass species on an abandoned pasture (Pasture site), the other two are post-fire vegetation dominated by bracken (Bracken site) and various shrubs (Shrub site). Additionally, we assessed the effectiveness of manual removal of competitive herbaceous species to accelerate forest recovery. Monitoring was done in 2003, 2005 and 2007 on 48 subplots of 116 m2 each recording species richness and woody-species density. Results showed that the Pasture site demonstrated a competitive effect of exotic grasses on woody species recruitment with much lower species recruitment and density, suggesting serious inhibition of natural forest regeneration and an unclear successional trajectory. The Bracken and Shrub sites became significantly similar floristically and there is evidence for a marked facilitation of woody plant recruitment correlated with light availability on the ground. Both sites showed characteristics of classic succession, with Shrub showing a higher species richness and density while late-successional species are poorly represented on the Bracken site. However, NMDS ordination using species density showed that the two trajectories may not be converging towards a common “final state”. Manual weeding was ineffective for accelerating forest recovery. These results suggest that the main limiting factor for the recruitment of woody species on the Pasture site is strong grass competition and must be addressed before seed availability, while seed availability seems to be the constraining factor for Bracken and Shrub site development, thus direct seeding or planting may be effective in accelerating forest recovery.
Reforestación con especies nativas y exóticas: caso del valle de San Francisco, Zamora Chinchipe
(FLACSO, 2020) Weber, Michael; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Günter, Sven; Hildebrandt, Patrick; Stimm, Bernd; Aguirre Mendoza, Nikolay
A pesar de la riqueza florística de especies arboreas nativas que se encuentran en los bosques andinos con potencial para la restauración activa (reforestación), los paisajes intervenidos se encuentran dominados por especies exóticas. Pocos estudios se han llevado a cabo para comparar el crecimiento y supervivencia entre especies nativas y exóticas en sitios con diferente cobertura vegetal como son: Pastizales recientemente abandonados, Llashipal y Arbustiva. Se establecieron parcelas puras de monitoreo para seis especies nativas (Cedrela montana, Handroanthus chrysanthus [syn. Tabebuia chrysantha], Juglans neotropica, Alnus acuminata, Morella pubescens y Heliocarpus americanus) y dos especies exóticas (Pinus patula y Eucalyptus saligna) en cada sitio, con un total de 384 parcelas y 9600 plántulas al inicio del experimento. La mitad de las parcelas fueron sometidas a tratamiento de remoción de vegetación competitiva. El monitoreo se realizó cada año durante cinco años, excepto para M. pubescens que se monitoreo por solo cuatro años. Los resultados indicaron que en general las especies nativas rinden bien dependiendo del sitio. Por ejemplo, al igual que las especies exóticas, A. acuminata resultó ser una de las especies más competitivas en los pastizales. M. pubescens tuvo un buen crecimiento en la cobertura tipo llashipal, mientras que H. chrysanthus tuvo alta supervivencia, aunque un crecimiento lento, en cobertura tipo arbustiva. La información generada en este estudio demuestra la importancia de las especies nativas en procesos de recuperación de sitios degradados. Adicionalmente indica cómo el monitoreo a mediano y largo plazo aporta a las decisiones sobre el uso de especies más adecuadas dependiendo de la cobertura vegetal predominante en el paisaje.
Facilitating biodiversity through the shelter effects of pinus patula and alnus acuminata in montane ecosystems in southern Ecuador
(International Tropical Timber Organization (ITTO), 2020) Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Günter, Sven; Stimm, Bernd
These guidelines on forest landscape restoration (FLR) in the tropics are based on vast recent experiences in implementing FLR in the field and the invaluable inputs of forest landscape specialists and institutions from around the globe. The guidelines, which include 18 case studies from the three tropical regions, are designed to provide a basis for policy decisions and a technical guide that can be used or adapted to the needs and capacities of users. They constitute an international reference document for the development and improvement of national and subnational guidelines on FLR in the tropics. These guidelines are a joint effort of ITTO and members of the Collaborative Partnership on Forests, particularly the Center for International Forestry Research, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, the Global Environment Facility, the International Union for Conservation of Nature, the International Union of Forest Research Organizations and the United Nations Environment Programme. Other major collaborating institutions are the Asian Forest Cooperation Organization, RECOFTC, WeForest and the World Resources Institute.
Effects of storage on seed germination and viability for three native tree species of Ecuador
(2020) Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Patiño Uyaguari, Claudia Guicelly; Marin Molina, Franklin Geovanny; Palacios Ortiz, Mishel Andrea; Stimm, Bernd
Many forests restoration programs and efforts depend on seeds. Particularly in the Andes, further information regarding seed germination requirements and seed storage behavior is necessary. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of storage conditions on the germination percentage, the viability and the coefficient of velocity of germination for seeds of three native tree species (Cedrela montana, Weinmannia fagaroides and Oreocallis grandiflora). Under controlled conditions, the seeds were exposed to three levels of seed moisture content and storage temperatures (5 °C, 10 °C and room temperature at approx. 19 °C) for 3, 6 and 12 months. The results showed that at 3–6 months of seed storage under temperatures of 5 and 10 °C, the seeds had a high percentage of germination, viability and germination speed for C. montana and W. fagaroides compared to those stored at room temperature. At 12 months of storage, there was a marked reduction in seed germination in all treatments for both species. Furthermore, the seed germination and viability of O. grandiflora was not influenced by any of the above storage treatments. However, at the end of the experiment a slight decrease was observed, hence this species might be tolerant to medium- and long-term storage conditions. Though limited to just three co-occurring species, the study provided insight into the variability in responses to storage, with preliminary indications of appropriate storage conditions to maximize storability of seeds for restoration programs. Importantly, the study demonstrated the need for empirical testing of storage responses (temperature and duration) of seeds before subjecting untested species to a particular storage regime.
Disrupted montane forest recovery hinders biodiversity conservation in the tropical Andes
(2023) Christmann, Tina; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena; Armenteras Pascual, Dolors; Wilson, Sarah Jane; Yadvinder, Malhi; Oliveras Menor, Imma
Andean montane forests are biodiversity hotspots and large carbon stores and they provide numerous ecosystem services. Following land abandonment after centuries of forest clearing for agriculture in the Andes, there is an opportunity for forest recovery. Field-based studies show that forests do not always recover. However, large-scale and long-term knowledge of recovery dynamics of Andean forests remains scarce. This paper analyses tropical montane forest recovery trajectories over a 15- year time frame at the landscape and tropical Andean scale to inform restoration planning
Respuesta de semillas de tres especies nativas altoandinas a diferentes condiciones de almacenamiento
(2019) Patiño Uyaguari, Claudia Guicelly; Jímenez Sánchez, Janeth Jazmin; Marín Molina, Franklin Geovanny; Palomeque Pesántez, Fanny Ximena
To ensure the germination capability and viability of native tree species it is important to know the optimum conditions for seed storage in the long term. In response to this, we investigated the effect of seed storage on the germination, viability,and velocity of germination (VG) of Vallea stipularis, Hedyosmum luteyniiand Oreopanax avicenniifolius. The seeds were collected in Llaviucu and Mazan forests in Cajas National Park and exposed to different treatments of seed storage: three levels of seed moisture content (initial, medium and low), two levels of temperature (10oC and room temperature) and three periods of storage (3, 6, and 12 months). The research revealed that seeds of V. stipularisstored at 10oC for 12 months had the lowest germination values, even null percentages; the more the seed viability and VG decreased when the time of seed storage increased. The seeds of H.luteynii showed high germination and viability up to 12 months of storage at 10oC, however, its germination was later and little synchronized. The room temperature did not work well for germination and VG for both these species, although, H.luteynii maintained its viability intact up to the last period of evaluation. O. avicenniifolius maintained at 10oC and room temperature its germination capacity up to 12 months but with a lower percentage. The knowledge generated contributes to better seed management in ex situ conservation programs and plant propagation for restoration.