Trauma, diez años de experiencia, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso

Abstract

Objective. To carry out a demographic description, its form and arrival state, etiology, trauma type and findings, in patients surgically intervened and discharged from surgery service of Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, Cuenca – Ecuador. Patients and methods. Descriptive study in a ten years period from 1995 to 2005.The hospital book of discharges was revised, finding 1415 medical charts. Registering year, sex, age, origin, vital signs, state of conscience, forms of arrival, and presence of ethylic breath and finding traumatic etiology, trauma type in relation to the affected area, variety, classification and findings. Results. A total of 1415 patients were reported, 79.65% being of the male sex and 20.35% being of the female one, on a relationship of 3,9: 1. The most affected group was from 20 to 29 years of age (28.06%). The patients of rural area were 51.45%. Arriving at the Hospital most were brought by another person in 43.46%. In 77.38% of the patients the state of conscience was possible to determine through the Glasgow Coma Scale. The presence of ethylic breath was found in 30.88%. In 38.37% the most frequent etiology was by traffic accidents. As head trauma 37.79% was registered, 16.69% of maxillofacial trauma, 14.26% of thoracic trauma, 11.45% of abdominal trauma, 5.95% of pelvic trauma, 3.01% of vascular trauma and burns in 10.87% of the cases. Conclusion. Traffic accidents were found as the main cause of trauma, specifically the ones caused by automobiles; men in their second decade of life were the most affected; in most cases, a third party brings in the patients; the subdural hematoma is the most frequent lesion found in the moderate head trauma. Wounds in face and nasal fractures are the most common in maxillofacial trauma. Trauma of the thorax is more frequent than the abdominal trauma. Pneumothorax is the most frequent lesion of the thorax and lesion of the small intestine is the most frequent of the abdomen.