Maestrías

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Browsing Maestrías by Subject "Adobe"

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    Adobe, puesta en valor y estrategias para la conservación de una cultura constructiva
    (2017-09-22) Orellana Calle, Verónica Cecilia; Guerra Galán, Jaime Augusto
    Cuenca is known by its important constructive tradition in adobe, being its heritage architecture the result of a constructive evolutionary process that has lasted more than five centuries. During this time, the adobe has had a fundamental role in the history, development and conformation of its architectural urban landscape. However, since the arrival of a modern movement to the city and the consequent increase in the use of cement and other "modern" materials in construction, a rupture occurred in the city in the normal process of transmission and conservation of this traditional constructive system. This research focuses on the determination of strategies for the valorization and conservation of adobe as an essential constructive system for the preservation and maintenance of heritage buildings, as a basic measure to avoid the loss of values and authenticity of the heritage architecture and to guarantee the transmission and permanence in time of this cultural legacy. To achieve this aim, there search has been developed in three phases: The first phase consists of the structuring of a conceptual framework and an analysis of the role of adobe during the historical development of Cuenca. Its significance is determined through a participative methodology of identification of values from the actors. The second phase is the determination of the situation that this technique is facing today as local/traditional practice and wisdom ,its challenges, problems and causes. They have been determined through a technical analysis based on information provided by the Dirección de Areas Históricas y Patrimoniales, municipal department, as well as the information gathered through surveys and interviews which were conducted to groups related to the conservation of this technique in the city. In the third and last phase, strategies are determined to achieve the conservation and valorization of adobe, framed in four axes of action: 1. knowledge and diffusion; 2. training and education; 3. intervention in the build heritage; and, 4. management and legislation.
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    Comportamiento térmico y energético del bloque de tierra compactada (BTC)
    (2019-07-29) Zenteno Vásquez, Juan José; Vázquez Solórzano, Wilson Marcelo
    This research studies the behavior of BTC stabilized with cement and vegetable fibers from rice husks, sugarcane bagasse and sawdust shavings. The characteristics of the suitable soils for its manufacture in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador, were investigated. Six local soils were analyzed, found in the sectors of Sinincay, Sayausí, Baguanchi, Racar, Ucubamba and Tarqui. Field and laboratory tests were applied to the soils. With the Racar soil the following groups were designed: blocks stabilized with cement at 5, 10, 15% in relation to the dry weight of the soil; blocks stabilized with cement and vegetable fibers in a proportion of 1, 2 and 3% in relation to the dry mixture; blocks stabilized only with vegetable fibers. Blocks of 29x14x7,5cm were manufactured in a manual machine type "CINVA-RAM", which were submitted to the tests of resistance to simple compression at 30, 60 and 90 days after its manufacture; and thermal conductivity test by the Hot Plate method. The results showed that the cement increase improves the compressive strength and increases the thermal conductivity. The addition of vegetable fibers to the mixture further improves the compressive strength, in addition the values of thermal conductivity decrease. The blocks stabilized only with vegetable fibers have low values of resistance to compression. The thermal conductivity of the BTC is lower than that of other materials found in the literature such as brick, adobe, concrete block, although higher than the pumice block. The thermal transmittance calculated for uncoated BTC walls is lower than the brick walls values, but higher than the pumice wall. The manual manufacturing process and its low energy consumption in its production, show that its environmental impact compared to blocks and bricks used in the market is lower.