Browsing by Author "Viteri León, Octavio Enrique"

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    Eficacia terapéutica en hipotensión arterial obstétrica inducida por anestesia subaracnoidea. Revisión sistemática
    (Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-03-15) Márquez Uyaguari, Gabriela Fernanda; Viteri León, Octavio Enrique
    Background: subarachnoid anesthesia is the technique of choice used in pregnant women undergoing cesarean section. Maternal-fetal hypotension is the main adverse effect, with an incidence of up to 70%. Currently, there are controversies regarding its therapeutic management. Objective: to evaluate the therapeutic efficacy in obstetric arterial hypotension after subarachnoid anesthesia. Methods: observational systematic review study. Randomized controlled trials, analytical, cohort, case-control studies and descriptive studies of current scientific articles from the last 5 years and that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria were included. The search strategy consisted of placing keywords and combining with the Boolean operators "AND", "OR" and "NOT" without language restriction. The information was obtained through the search engines: Hinari, Scopus, Redalyc, Scielo, Pubmed, Springer, NJM, BMJ, Cochrane Latindex and academic Google. Results: the left lateral position reduces the frequency of hypotension p <0.05. The administration of colloid solutions is associated with shorter periods of hypotension in relation to crystalloids p <0.05 and is associated with a lower need for vasopressors p <0.05. The use of norepinephrine is associated with fewer episodes of hypotension, as is fetal bradycardia p <0.05. Conclusions: there is a lower incidence of maternal hypotension secondary to spinal anesthesia with measures such as left lateralization of the uterus, administration of colloid solutions, and finally, norepinephrine is considered a vasopressor that provides greater stability in obstetric hypotension.
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    Eficacia y seguridad del sulfato de magnesio como coadyuvante en la analgesia postoperatoria de histerectomía abdominal, bajo anestesia general balanceada. Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca. 2013
    (2016) Ilbay Gómez, Ana del Rocío; Viteri León, Octavio Enrique; Morocho Malla, Manuel Ismael
    Background: this becomes a pressing problem in Ecuador, where there are still inconclusive aspects to be considered. Objective: to determine the effectiveness and safety of intravenous magnesium sulfate as an coadyuvant to postoperative analgesia for abdominal hysterectomy under general anesthetics. Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga Cuenca, 2013. Material and Methods: a clinical, randomized, single-blind study was performed; it was formed by two equal groups of 78 patients that were scheduled for abdominal hysterectomy. Group "A" was administered 50mg / kg Magnesium sulphate, and 15 minutes of balanced general anesthesia. In addition, analgesics such as tramadol 2 mg / kg at the time of aponeurotic closure; after that 1 mg / kg was first given every 6 hours during postoperative care and after that ketorolac 30 mg trans-surgical.; while "Group B" was given balanced general anesthesia using the before mentioned parameters with the exception of administering magnesium sulfate. Pain intensity was measured by visual analog scales. Results: group A showed mild pain average 3.76 + 1.22 compared to the group B which recorded moderate pain average 5.05 + 1.42; this difference is statistically significant up to 4 hours postoperatively with p = 0.000. No group reported cases of anaphylactic reaction, hypotension; nausea, vomiting or respiratory depression: bradycardia occurs in the two groups, having no significant statistical difference. Conclusions: magnesium sulphate proved effective as adjunctive analgesia until 4 hours postoperatively, its administration is safe
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    Precarga con coloides vs cristaloides para prevenir la hipotensión materna en pacientes sometidas a cesárea bajo anestesia espinal en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2013
    (2016) Suárez Avila, Diana Carolina; Viteri León, Octavio Enrique; Arévalo Peláez, Carlos Eduardo
    Introduction: Spinal anesthesia for cesarean section can cause severe maternal hypotension with decreased cardiac output and placental blood flow. The preload with fluids is essential to increase blood volume and decrease the risk of hypotension. Objective: To compare the incidence of hypotension caused by spinal block using a preload of 10 ml / kg of crystalloid vs 10 ml / kg of colloids in cesarean sections. Material and methods: A randomized controlled trial single-blind with 180 maternal divided into two equal groups was performed. Group A (n = 90) received a colloid preload (polygeline 3.5%) 10 ml / kg vs group B (n = 90) received Ringer's lactate solution 10 ml / kg 10 minutes before spinal anesthesia with 12.5mg hyperbaric bupivacaine. The incidence of hypotension, hemodynamic changes, side effects, compared vasopressors. Results: The incidence of maternal hypotension in the colloid group was 10.0% and in the crystalloid group was 67.8%. Vasopressor was used in 7.8% of patients in the colloid group and 44.4% in the crystalloid group. There are significant differences in systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the study groups. A greater number of adverse effects in the crystalloid group were recorded. Patients receiving colloids have a lower risk of adverse events, RR: 0.112 (95% CI: 0044-0285), p-value = 0.000. Conclusions: The colloids are superior preventing maternal hypotension, less need for vasopressors and fewer adverse events
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    Valoración bacteriológica del tracto respiratorio superior en niños pre-escolares
    (1993) Viteri León, Octavio Enrique; Padilla Gómez, Plinio Efraín
    Acute respiratory infections are a public health problem. This paper aims to recognize the bacterial flora of a community preschool city basin. For this they underwent microbiological tests and sensitivity of a total of 61 samples of secretion of the upper respiratory tract of patients in a nursery. Emphasis is placed on current symptoms and personal medical history of children. The findings indicate that Neisseria rallies taste is the most common bacteria in this community. The sensitivity of the flora of this group of people is to fosfomycin, erythromycin and cefalotomía. I noticed a high percentage of penicillin-resistant cases and dicloxacillin. The clinic includes a picture more frequently characterized by cough, purulent nasal discharge, congestive pharynx and throat. Indecent relevant'personas were based on more than three episodes per year of common cold, chronic cough and chronic rrinorea. The recommendations made by the author as important clinical analysis arises considering the resident bacterial flora and, on this basis make a click bacteriological correlation for the proper management of upper respiratory infections