Browsing by Author "Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio"

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A comparative study of water quality using two quality indices and a risk index in a drinking water distribution network
(2022) García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Cadme Galabay, Manuel Remigio; Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio; Gutierrez Ortega, Fausto Horacio; Flores del Pino, Lisveth Flores del Pino; Zhindón Arévalo, César
This study compares the Canadian Council Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) and the Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI) methodologies for determining the quality of water in the city of Azogues (Ecuador). Additionally, a drinking water quality risk index (IRCA) was determined to evaluate the degree of risk of disease occurrence related to water consumption. The data generated came from the analyses of twelve physicochemical parameters (pH, turbidity, colour, total dissolved solids, electrical conductivity, total hardness, alkalinity, nitrates, phosphates, sulfates, chlorides, residual chlorine) from 172 samples of water over six months. The calculated average value of CCME WQI (97.59 ± 1.08) indicates that 100% of the drinking system was of ‘excellent’ quality. The WAWQI average value was calculated to be 26.36 ± 1.13 indicating that 16.67% of the distribution system was of ‘excellent’ quality and 83.33% of the distribution water was of ‘good’ quality. The IRCA calculated in all the distribution zones is between 0 and 5% and therefore, the distributed water is considered suitable for human consumption and is rated at the no-risk level. Furthermore, WAWQI is influenced by parameters with low maximum allowed concentration (for example, turbidity value 1 NTU in the Ecuadorian standard was used instead of 5 NTU recommended by the WHO); conversely, CCME-WQI is influenced by parameters with a high maximum allowed concentration (no parameter exceeded the norm in this study). The IRCA is a support instrument to guarantee that the water supplied by the provider companies complies with the characteristics established for drinking water.
Considerations on water quality and the use of chlorine in times of SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic in the community
(2020) García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Flores del Pino, Lisveth; Zhindon Arevalo, Cesar Edmundo; Altamirano Cardenas, Luis Francisco; Gutierrez Ortega, Fausto Horacio; Cadme Galabay, Manuel Remigio; Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio
This review goal is to reflect on the challenges and prospects for water quality in the face of the pandemic caused by the new SARS-CoV-2 coronavirus (COVID-19). Based on the information available so far, the detection of SARS-CoV-2 RNA in wastewater has raised interest in using it as an early warning method, to detect the resurgence of infections and to report the risk associated with contracting SARS-CoV-2 in contact with untreated water or inadequately treated wastewater is discharged. The wastewater-based epidemiological approach can be used as an early indicator of infection within a specific population. On the other hand, it is necessary to collect information from the managers of drinking water supply companies and professionals who are related to water quality, to know SARS-CoV-2 data and information, and its influence on drinking water quality. The basic purpose of this review article is to try to provide a valuable and quick reference guide to COVID-19. Important topics were discussed, such as detection of SARS-CoV-2 in wastewater in various parts of the world; wastewater screening to monitor COVID-19; persistence of SARS-CoV-2 in aquatic systems; the presence of SARS-CoV-2 in drinking water; clean water as a mechanism to deal with the COVID-19 pandemic; chlorine as a disinfectant to eliminate SARSCoV-2 and damage to ecosystems by the use of chlorine. Currently does not exist extensive literature on the effectiveness of water and wastewater treatment processes that ensure the correct elimination of SARS-CoV-2. Excessive use of disinfectants such as chlorine is causing effects on the environment. This document lighlights the need for further research to establish the behavior of the SARS-CoV-2 virus in aquatic systems. This study presents an early overview of the observed and potential impacts of COVID-19 on the environment.
Opportunities for improvement in a potabilization plant based on cleaner production: experimental and theoretical investigations
(2021) Zhindon Arevalo, Cesar Edmundo; García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio; Iglesias Abad, Sergio Fernando; Gutierrez Ortega, Fausto Horacio; Cadme Galabay, Manuel Remigio; Donoso Moscoso, Silvana Patricia
Cleaner Production (CP) has been studied mainly in the productive sector, ignoring that in drinking water treatment plants (DWTP) a better environmental performance can be achieved. The objective of this study was to evaluate the processes in a DWTP in order to improve production, reduce environmental impact and generate economic savings, for which a cleaner production plan was implementing. The methodology recommended by UNIDO was used. Three CP opportunities were evaluated and identified. After, each CP opportunity, a technical, environmental and economic feasibility analysis was carried out. The results indicated that by implementing the first opportunity of CP (Good housekeeping), it will save water by reducing the number of filter washes by 29400 m3/year, without any investment, so the gains will be immediate. With the second chance of CP, a water-saving of 23256 m3/year will be achieved by recirculating the water from the filters to the decanters. The investment is small, and the recovery period will be 2.4 months. The third CP option, which is based on the coagulant change, would have an annual financial savings of 5361.12 USD, with an immediate payback period. The results showed that the CP applications proposed in this study can significantly reduce water consumption in a WDTP, being able to be implemented in the short and medium-term, without large investments, allowing to address water scarcity today and in the future.
Scientometric study of drinking water treatments technologies: present and future challenges
(2021) Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio; García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Cabello Torres, Rita Jaqueline; Castañeda Olivera, Carlos Alberto; Alfaro Paredes, Emigdio Antonio; Cameselle, Claudio
The knowledge of the tendencies of the drinking water treatments was changing through the previous decades and it is necessary to improve it for the benefit of the human beings. In this sense, the purpose of the study was to develop a scientometric study about the drinking water treatments in the period 2010–2020 for providing the state of art of the studies about the drinking water treatments in diverse knowledge areas and new orientations for future research. For this purpose, a search of the information was performed both in the Web of Science (WoS) and Scopus databases, and all articles and reviews related to the field of water treat ment or chemistry were included. The results showed that China, the USA and the Netherlands have the majority of the most cited publications and various related multidisciplinary topics, such as infrastructure, technologies and pollution. Therefore, the study allows concluding that there is a need for research on different technologies that contribute positively to obtaining quality water for consumption and for the use of routine activities, being the combination and integration of the different treatment processes a challenge for future studies.
Scientometric study of treatment technologies of soil pollution: present and future challenges
(2023) Valdiviezo Gonzales, Lorgio; Alfaro Paredes, Emigdio Antonio; Munive Cerrón, Rubén Víctor; García Ávila, Fausto Fernando; Cabello Torres, Rita Jaqueline; Castañeda Olivera, Carlos Alberto
There are few bibliometric studies showing current technologies and their combinations for the remediation of contaminated soils. For this reason, a scientometric study was carried out in order to know the trends in soil contamination treatment technologies. The study considered original articles and reviews published in the Scopus and Web of Science databases between January 2010 and June 2021, evaluating: (a) characteristics of the publications, (b) main research sources, (c) citations and production by journals, (d) keywords used, (e) countries, institutions and authors active in research production, (f) most cited articles and (g) trends in soil treatment and remediation techniques. The results showed: (a) continuous growth of publications on soil remediation in the “Environmental Science” subject area and a limited contribution of the “Soil Science” and “Agriculture and Biological Science” subject areas, (b) leadership of countries such as China, USA, India, Italy and Spain in research production, (c) phytoremediation, bioremediation and biodegradation were the most studied treatment technologies in the last decade and (d) recent research (from 2020) studied pesticides and herbicides, including Chlorimuron-ethyl and also microplastics and other emerging pollutants. It is also noted that the current trend of combinations of techniques for the treatment of soil contamination is attractive for future research.