Browsing by Author "Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora"

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Computational model of the pulmonary valve in hypertensive contexts [Modelo computacional de la válvula pulmonar en contextos hipertensivos]
(SOCIEDAD LATINOAMERICANA DE HIPERTENSION, 2016-01-01) Siguencia Cruz, Wilson Marcelo; Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora
Astrategy for pulmonary valve (PV) three-dimensional segmentation is proposed using 20 cardiac imaging multilayer computed tomography, for entire cardiac cycle of a subject. This strategy is global similarity enhancement technique based on and it comprises of pre-processing, segmentation and parameter tuning stages. The pre-processing stage is split into two phases called filtering and definition of a region of interest. These phases are preliminarily applied to end-diastole cardiac-phase and they address the noise, artifacts and low contrast images problems. During PV segmentation, the region growing algorithm is applied to the pre-processed images and it is initialized using a voxel detected with least squares support vector machines. During the parameters tuning, the Dice score (Ds) is used to compare the PV segmentations, obtained by the proposed strategy, and manually PV segmentation, generated by a cardiologist. The combination of filtering techniques that generated the highest Ds considering the end-diastole phase is then applied to the others 19 3-D images, yielding an average Ds comparable with the Ds reported in the literature.
Determinantes sociales de la adherencia terapéutica de adultos mayores hipertensos atendidos en el Subcentro de salud de la parroquia El Vecino, Cuenca – Ecuador, 2015
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Carabajo Rivera, María Alexandra; Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora
Introduction: Adherence to antihypertensive treatment is an important aspect to consider in order to have an adequate control of the disease, to reduce morbidity and mortality in health Objective: To characterize the relationship between social determinants and adherence of elderly hypertensive patients treated at the Health Subcentro Parish "The Neighbor" Cuenca - Ecuador, 2015. Material and Methods: A quantitative, analytical and cross-sectional study was performed in 83 older adults with hypertension who attended the Health Subcentro parish "El Vecino", Cuenca - Ecuador. An instrument of data collection was applied to explore the sociodemographic characteristics and social determinants. Bonilla's test was used to determine the adherence in patients and to assess the family functionalism was used the FFSIL test. The variables were expressed in absolute and relative frequencies. The chi square test and the odds ratio (OR) was used to determine associations. Results: Of the 83 older adults studied, 32.5% were male and 67.5% were male. 45.8% had an age of 65 to 74 years and 54.2% of 75 years and over. 73.5% of the patients had therapeutic adherence. Which was associated with the educational level (primary education), type of nucleus of coexistence (living with spouse) and functional family (functional family). Social determinants that were favorable for adherence were mental health hygiene (OR = 5.07) and access to health services (OR = 5.64). Conclusions: The social determinants of mental health and access to health services show a significant influence on adherence in the patients of the El Vecino parish. Likewise, adherence is reduced with family dysfunction, living alone and having a low educational level
Estructura y dinámica en el funcionamiento de las familias de la zona 55, parroquia Cañaribamba, Cuenca 2015
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2017-11-11) Guamán Bermeo, Ruth Marlene; Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora
Introduction: Family dysfunction generates high health expenses, hinders the development of the family members, preventing the culmination of their life projects and consequently maintaining an unequal society. Objective: To determine the structure and dynamics of the functioning of the families in zone 55 of the Cañaribamba parish of Cuenca city in 2015. Material and Methods: Epidemiological cross-sectional study, carried out in area 55 of the Cañaribamba Cuenca parish 2015. The universe is made up of inhabitants of the Cañaribamba Parish (N = 1164 families). The sample size was obtained through the statistical program Epi info version 6, with a population size of 1164 families, an expected frequency of 24%, a worse acceptable of 35%, a confidence level of 95%, a sample of 55 Families. Data collected by form and scales: FFSIL, MOS, GRAFFAR and HOLMES Y RAHE. We included families with informed consent and excluded families that are experiencing para-normative crises. Analysis of data using SPSS 15.00 version evaluation. Statistics used: Frequencies, percentages, chi square and prevalence ratio. Results: The dysfunctional families represent 7.3% and the moderately functional ones represent 7.3%. In 9.1% of households there is a high risk of suffering from psychosomatic illness. Emotional support is the only statistically significant factor associated with family dysfunction (p = 0.002). Conclusions: Family dysfunction is present in the investigated population and it influences in family dynamics.
Medical imaging: Foundations and scope [Imagenología médica: Fundamentos y alcance]
(SOCIEDAD LATINOAMERICANA DE HIPERTENSION, 2016-01-01) Siguencia Cruz, Wilson Marcelo; Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora
Nowdays, several forms of medical imaging are usefulness in clinical support for both diagnostics diseases generation and treatment planning designed to provide an alternative solution to people who, for one or another reason, manifest an imbalance in your health. Among the imaging modalities that frequently are used in the medical field may include: Ultra sound (US), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), simple computed tomography (CT) and multilayer computed tomography (MSCT), CT positron emission tomography (PET) Computed tomography and single photon emission (SPECT). In this sense, this article presents an orderly, coherent and systematic description of these modalities and it establishes relationship with the MSCT modality and clinical situations closely related to cardiac anatomy and hypertension processes. The reason emphasis on MSCT is done is because, on the one hand, we have a large number of databases both physiological subjects and pathological subjects and, on the other, we plan to present a set of computational techniques that will be explored in future research, in the context of cardiologic anatomical aspects, with directly or indirectly influence in the emergence, development and prevalence of hypertensive processes.
Therapeutic utility of the tumor segmentation process, applied to PET-CT images [Utilidad terapéutica: Del proceso de segmentación tumoral, aplicado a imágenes de PET-CT]
(SOCIEDAD LATINOAMERICANA DE HIPERTENSION, 2016-01-01) Siguencia Cruz, Wilson Marcelo; Torres Valdez, Maritza Auxiliadora
In this work findings derived from the application of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, in a patient with tumors, are identified. The tumors require of segmentation and quantification process before and after those therapies. In order to obtain the morphology of such tumors and their volumes, a computational technique used in 3D images of positron emission tomography (PET) fused with computed tomography (CT), belonging to a pediatric patient diagnosed with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), is proposed. The proposed technique is divided into two stages: pre-processing and segmentation. The pre-processing is based on the application of a filtering process based on global enhancement similarity (GSE) to raise the quality of the information in the images. For tumors segmentation a technique based on region growing is considered. The NHL volumes derived from segmentation, are useful for both clinical monitoring lymphoma and analysis of therapeutic procedure.