Browsing by Author "Tapia Peralta, Roberto Stalin"

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Prevalencia de autolesiones no suicidas y conducta suicida en adolescentes de la consulta externa de psiquiatría infantojuvenil del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, y factores asociados. Mayo 2018 – abril 2019
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-03-09) Escobar Carrión, Marcia Alfonsina; Tapia Peralta, Roberto Stalin
INTRODUCTION: Suicide constitutes a health problem in many countries. According to the WHO, it is the second cause of death among young people aged 15-29, and the sixth cause of death between the ages of 5-14 years. OBJECTIVE: To determine the prevalence of non-suicidal self-harm, suicidal behavior and associated factors in adolescents of the outpatient clinic of child and adolescent psychiatry at Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. May 2018 - April 2019. METHODOLOGY: Analytical cross-sectional descriptive study, the sample was randomized, consisting of 157 adolescents aged 10 to 18 years. For the bivariate analysis, chi square was used and to determine the intensity of RP association with 95% CI, significant p <0.005. RESULTS: It was determined that there is a statistically significant relationship between non-suicidal self-harm with: parenteral migration (RP 3.5, CI 1.5-8.4 p 0.002), depression (RP 8 CI 2.9-22.15 p 0.000) , be a victim of violence (RP 5,3,2, CI 2,3-12,6 p 0.000), and relationship between suicidal behavior with: parental migration (RP 4.38, CI 1.8-10.28 p 0.000 ), depression (RP 7.8 CI 3.8-16.2 p 0.000), consumption of psychoactive substances (RP 4.46, CI 1.6-12 p 0.002), being a victim of violence (RP 11.2, IC 5.2-23.3 p 0.000). They behaved as protective factors: to come from a functional family for non-suicidal self-harm and suicidal behavior and to belong to a social group only for non-suicidal self-harm. CONCLUSIONS: It is concluded that suicide is a preventable event in adolescents when protective factors are reinforced and risk factors are adequately treated.
Prevalencia del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas y factores asociados en adolescentes entre 10 y 19 años en consulta externa de psiquiatría infanto-juvenil del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso 2017.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2019-11-11) Chalco Cando, Freddy Javier; Tapia Peralta, Roberto Stalin; Marcano Sanz, Luis Enrique
Objective: To determine the prevalence and factors associated with the consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents attending the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during 2017. Materials and methods: Cross-sectional analytical design with identification of associated factors, the information was taken from a random sample of 310 patients. The data were tabulated and analyzed in the software SPSS15, the Pearson Chi - square test was applied to establish significant associations between variables and to test the hypothesis, for the risk test the Odds Ratio was used, determining those variables that are factors of protection and those that are at risk. Results: It was determined that 55.5% of the sample corresponds to the female gender and 44.5% to the male gender. 53.2% belong to the age group of 15 to 19 years, 58.1% live in rural areas, while 80.3% are in secondary school. The prevalence of licit psychoactive substance use is 33%; 90.6% of those participants who come from families with severe dysfunction consume psychoactive substances. It was observed that the migration of parents (31%), and the consumption of psychoactive substances in the social environment (32.3%) act as risk factors for consumption with a prevalence ratio of 2.27 and 2.49, respectively. whereas the association to a social group acts as a protective factor for consumption with a prevalence ratio of 0.491 in the group studied. Conclusion: There is a high prevalence of consumption of psychoactive substances in the sample studied, which is related to factors such as the migration of parents and consumption within the social environment of adolescents. Emphasis is placed on prevention programs in the social environment of adolescents in the city.
Prevalencia del uso problemático de la nueva tecnología: internet, videojuegos, celular y televisión y su relación con trastornos de la conducta en niños y adolescentes internados en el área de pediatría del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, Ecuador. 2019 – 2020
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-28) Báez Muñoz, María Carolina; Tapia Peralta, Roberto Stalin
BACKGROUND The problematic use of technology is considered a worldwide problem, and has been linked to the increased prevalence of certain behavior disorders. GENERAL PURPOSE To determine the prevalence of the problematic use of new technology: internet, video games, cell phones and television and its relationship with behavior disorders in children and adolescents hospitalized in the Pediatric area of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador during the period 2019 - 2020. METHODOLOGY This study was quantitative, cross-sectional and correlational. The universe consisted of patients between 8 and 15 years old, admitted to the Pediatric area of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital. The sample was 220 subjects. Two tests were applied: UPNT and ESPERI to identify problematic use of new technology and conduct disorders, respectively. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 15.1 program. Descriptive analysis was performed and Spearman's correlation coefficient was used to determine the relationship. RESULTS The prevalence of problematic use of new technology is 74.5%. With a frequency of problematic internet use of 41.4%, 1.4% video games, 5.5% cell phones and 26.4% television. There is a moderate association between problematic use of technology and conduct disorders (Spearman 0.481) and a p-value of 0.000. CONCLUSION The prevalence of problematic technology use is high and is associated with behavior disorders
Tabaquismo, características socioeconómicas y culturales de la parroquia Gil Ramírez Dávalos
(2005) Miranda Gallegos, Patricia Silvana; Ordóñez Chalán, Bertha Karina; Tapia Peralta, Roberto Stalin; Mosquera Vallejo, Lorena Elizabeth; Flores Durán, Carlos Teodoro