Browsing by Author "Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo"

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Análisis crítico de la estructura y funcionamiento del sistema bancario en la provincia del Azuay, período 1980-1996
(1998) Aguilar Feijó, Víctor Gerardo; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo; Machuca Coello, Roberto
Análisis de indicadores que afectan la satisfacción del cliente en la Empresa Eléctrica Regional Centrosur
(2007) Méndez Bustos, Mery Catalina; Pesántez Larriva, Isabel Cristina; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Análisis del sector de la construcción en la Ciudad de Cuenca período 2006-2007
(2007) Aucay Japa, Silvia Eugenia; Illescas Serrano, Jenny Elizabeth; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Apalancamiento financiero aplicado a la Administradora Agapantos
(2006) Ochoa Guilllén, Felipe Esteban; Palacios Orellana, Fausto Mauricio; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Aplicación del análisis espectral de series de tiempo a los ciclos económicos de Ecuador periodo 1900-2018
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2024-03-25) Gómez Bermeo, Kevin Renato; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
The present article aims to identify the frequencies of economic cycles in Ecuador and demonstrate whether these cycles align with theories of long, medium, and short-term economic cycles. The analysis utilizes the Maddison Project's database, covering the years 1900 to 2018. To achieve this, various filters are first applied to extract the cyclical component of the GDP series. Subsequently, time series spectral analysis methodology is employed to identify the frequencies that constitute the country's economic cycle. Finally, the forecast quality of the frequency-domain characterized model is compared against other alternatives. The results of spectral analysis suggest that Ecuador's economic cycles exhibit frequencies consistent with Kondratieff, Kuznets, Juglar, and Kitchin theories. Additionally, Kondratieff cycles seem to start with a delay of approximately ten years compared to literature suggestions. On the other hand, Kuznets cycles align with the long booms and crises in Ecuador's economic history, such as the banana and oil booms. Juglar and Kitchin cycles are found to be closely related to international commodity market conditions. Finally, when comparing the forecasting quality of the spectral analysis model with various ARIMA models, it is found that ARIMA models provide the most accurate predictions for the economic cycle in the years 2014- 2018.
Características y determinantes del trabajo Infantil y su Influencia en la deserción escolar en el Ecuador, 2012
(2014) Villazhañay Carrión, Jonnathan Edmundo; Narváez Duy, Gustavo Marcelo; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
This study aims to analyze the characteristics and determinants of child labor and its influence on school dropout in Ecuador for 2012. For this, it makes use of a bivariate probit model which allows supposing that the decision to study is not independent of the decision to work and that both are determined by a common framework of observable and unobservable characteristics and make an estimate of the two decisions jointly. The database that we use is the belonging to of the National Child Labour Survey (ENTI) 2012. Given that decisions to work and study for the minors are interrelated, as revealed by this investigation, we conclude that both decisions should be jointly studied exhibiting their interdependence. In terms of determinants, the results of the regression model revealed that with the exception of the variables disability and human development bonus, for the decision to work, all the other variables used were significant in both decisions. It is noted that the most important variable is which refers to membership of the minors to low-income families, there is a negative relationship between this and the likelihood that the children attend school and do not work.
Conformación de portafolios de inversión en el mercado bursátil en el Ecuador
(2006) Saguay Gutiérrez, Gabriela de Jesús; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Corrupción: un análisis experimental aplicado en la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2025-02-11) Argudo Chamba, Kevin Alexis; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
This research evaluated the impact of risk aversion and uncertainty on the propensity to engage in corrupt behavior through the decisions made by 96 participants in an intervention at the Experimental Economics Laboratory of the University of Cuenca. The illicit act was delimited through the decisions made by the subjects to violate an established rule in order to obtain an additional individual economic benefit. In addition, the participants were labeled according to a corruption predisposition index to analyze its impact on the propensity to engage in corrupt behavior, together with the aforementioned factors. The results were that a greater risk aversion and a greater degree of uncertainty can decrease the probability of engaging in this illicit act, while a higher corruption predisposition index increases the propensity to engage in this fraudulent activity.
Creación de un restaurante - bar - cafetería en la ciudad de Cuenca
(2006) Chacón García, Geovanna; López Sigüenza, Marilú; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Creación de una empresa dedicada a la prestación de servicio de limpieza a los hogares en la ciudad de Cuenca, en el período 2006-2010, llamada Clean House
(2007) Brito Criollo, María José; Illescas Cárdenas, Nancy Cecilia; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Creación de una fuente de soda en el sector de la ciudadela La Católica
(2006) Tigre Orozco, María Eugenia; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Crecimiento económico en Ecuador: Análisis del equilibrio general bajo el esquema de economía pequeña y abierta
(2006) Cordero Méndez, Fabián Patricio; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
La economía oculta en el Ecuador estructura y evolución, período 1980-2006
(2007) Aguilar Feijó, Víctor Gerardo; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo; Cordero, Fabián
Economic valuation meta-analysis of freshwater improvement in developed and developing countries. Are they different?
(2021) Roldán Monsalve, Diego Fernando; Roldán Aráuz, Diego Francisco; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
The quality of drinking water differs across countries, so households show different levels of willingness to pay (WTP) to improve it, which is also influenced by their income levels. This study presents a meta-analysis using studies from 30 developed and developing countries, repre senting 4.7 billion inhabitants. At the international level, by standardizing these values (PPP) to international US dollars of 2011, developing countries show, on average, a greater WTP than developed countries relative to their income and an inverse correlation between their water footprint and their WTP.
Efecto de la cooperación en actividades de innovación sobre la inversión en innovación y el desempeño innovador de las empresas del Ecuador. Evidencia empírica 2012 – 2014
(2018) Balarezo Dumaguala, Diana Maribel; Ortega Riascos, Mariela Fernanda; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
The objective for this project is to determine the cooperation impact about the innovative effort and the insertion effect of new technologies in companies of Ecuador. Starting from this, a bibliographic review has been carried out, which has made it possible to identify the different most influential variables in the cooperation process on innovation, such as the companies size, exporting, having a public financing, belonging to a business group, owning patents, among other regressors; cooperation, the effort in innovation and others as dependent variables, obtained from the innovation poll 2012-2014 that has a total of 6275 companies. For this, it was useful a multi-equation analysis model proposed by Crepón, Duguet and Mairesse (CDM). The results confirm the main hypothesis that cooperation has a positive and significante impact on investment in innovation in companies, as well as the location of the company and making exports are the main determinants of the innovative effort. On the other hand, the evidence suggests that companies with the greatest number of employees, who hold patents and associated with the innovative effort have been decisive in inducing a higher level of product or process innovation. Códigos JEL: C34, L2, O31, O33
Efecto de la salud objetiva en los ingresos de los ecuatorianos
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-10-29) Largo Largo, Walter Armando; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Multiple papers have studied the relationship of income with education and experience in Ecuador, but none with health. This paper studies the effect of health on individual income using instrumental variables and simultaneous equations. To achieve this, we use the Mincer equation (1974), in an extended version, and the Grossman model (1972). The information was obtained from the living conditions survey 2013-2014 and the parameters were estimated by least squares in two stages, generalized method of moments and least squares in three stages. The results show that a poor state in health has a large negative effect on personal income, this impact is greater in the male gender. Separating into other groups, the coefficient of health is more unfavorable in the highlands region and in the self-employed. Other variables related to health and that define income are: height and body mass index.
Efecto de las clausuras en la generación de riesgo tributario, regional Austro período 2008-2010
(2012) Moscoso Delgado, Vanessa Gabriela; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Efectos de la aplicación de un impuesto sobre el consumo de bebidas azucaradas en Ecuador como estrategia para combatir la obesidad y el sobrepeso
(2016) Segovia Sarmiento, Joselin Katerine; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
This research aims to determine if a 15 cent per liter sugar-sweetened beverage tax could be considered an efficient public health policy facing the sharp rise in obesity and overweight rates in Ecuador. Using data from the NEIGHBOUR 2011-2012, a Quadratic Almost Ideal Demand System (QUAIDS) is estimated. The outcome shows that among average consumers of sugar-sweetened beverages, those belonging to the high-income level will experience the greatest annual weight (-1,5 pounds) and consumption reduction (-13,1liters), whereas consumers in the low-income level will experience the lowest effects. It is also found that the tax burden in terms of the household income is higher for low-income households than for high-income. Both findings reveal the regressivity of the measure; therefore, the management of the tax collection is considered crucial to counteract its negative effect. A significant contribution of this study is the estimation of the possible effects that the current tax reform will produce by applying a 25 cent per liter sugar-sweetened beverage tax. Under this scenario, we can conclude that results will be superior, as well as the regressivity will be stronger.
Efectos de la emigración internacional de los padres en la participación y el rendimiento escolar de sus hijos. Evidencia para el cantón San Fernando, provincia del Azuay, en el período 2008-2009
(2012) Chungata Chungata, Luis Gustavo; Romero Lozano, Jessica Alexandra; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo
Efectos de la segregación energética en la curva medioambiental de Kuznets. Un estudio para el caso Ecuatoriano
(2019) Andrade Rojas, Gabriela Cristina; Sarmiento Jara, Juan Pablo; Roldán Monsalve, Diego Fernando; Ramón Tacuri, Diana Verónica
This study examines the impact of energy-related economic variables on environmental degradation in Ecuador under the Kuznets Environmental Curve (EKC) approach. Information corresponding to the period 1980-2014 was used and a short term equation and a long term equation were estimated using the methodology proposed by Pesaran and Shin (1998), based on the autoregressive model of distributed lags (ARDL). The impact of electricity consumption from renewable sources, dry natural gas and oil consumption in per capita terms were analysed in relation to CO2 emissions from energy consumption. The results do not verify the EKC hypothesis, and it was found that energy consumption from renewable sources is not significant to explain emissions. Forecasts under the ARIMA methodology for 2025 indicate an increase in CO2 emissions from energy consumption in Ecuador