Browsing by Author "Salazar Silva, Indira Yajaira"

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Analysis and Proposal to Retrofit the Traditional Construction Systems (Earth) of the Former San José School, Cuenca, Ecuador
(Springer Netherlands, 2019) Piedra Landivar, Victor Cesar; Achig Balarezo, Maria Cecilia; Caldas Freire, Victor Marcelo; Salazar Silva, Indira Yajaira; Cardoso Martinez, Fausto Adrian
The objective of this research is to analyze the main traditional construction systems used in the heritage buildings of the city of Cuenca, which was included in 1999 in the UNESCO World Heritage list. These construction systems are adobe, bahareque, clay brick bearing walls and wooden structures for tiled roofs, portals and floors. The techniques are applied to the former San José School, a century old heritage building located in the historical center of Cuenca. The present article will emphasize the analysis and retrofit of the adobe, bahareque and clay brick walls. The former San José School currently requires a maintenance and structural retrofitting plan due to its state of deterioration. Its exceptional architectural value dates back to its designer and builder, the German Redemptorist Brother Johannes Stiehle, who was renowned for promoting the use of mixed construction systems of fired clay bricks and raw earth. Its technological value is based on the presence of several materials that mark the different construction stages of the heritage building. The applied methodology focuses on the evaluation, through the use of assessment and diagnosis cards as well as non-destructive prospecting, of the state of conservation of the bearing walls, its structure, its plastering, culminating with a study of the floors, ceilings as well as murals and panel paintings. The research concludes with an intervention plan that proposes the structural retrofitting of this heritage building, recognizing the richness of its traditional construction systems to guarantee its conservation for future generations.
La producción de pintura en tierra como recurso endógeno en la provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
(2018) Amaya Ruiz, Jorge Alberto; Ordóñez Carpio, Santiago; Salazar Silva, Indira Yajaira; Achig Balarezo, María Cecilia; Peñaherrera Palacios, Sandra Catalina; Cardoso Martínez, Fausto Adrián
En el cantón Oña, existe una considerable diversidad de pigmentos minerales, conocidos como “tierras de colores”, con los cuales se puede preparar pinturas de manera artesanal. Esta investigación presenta los resultados de la primera etapa del proyecto “Tierras de Colores” que tiene como objetivo principal contribuir al conocimiento de producción, aplicación y uso de las pinturas de tierra en el Azuay, tanto para la conservación del patrimonio como para su aplicación en arquitectura contemporánea. Para cumplir este objetivo se recogieron los testimonios de personas y constructores que utilizan la tierra en forma empírica para la preparación de pintura artesanal, rescatando materiales y técnicas tradicionales. La identificación de las tonalidades presentes en la arquitectura de Oña y Susudel, se realizó a través de prospecciones en una muestra estratégica, obteniendo una paleta de colores históricos correspondientes a muros de las edificaciones patrimoniales. La investigación propone además, un proceso de emprendimiento territorial que permita tener una incidencia directa en los sectores que históricamente han estado vinculados productivamente con el uso de la tierra y que de manera inherente permita articularse con otras actividades económicas del territorio.
Prospecciones en muros de tierra para generar propuesta de recuperación de color, Cuenca, Ecuador
(FAADU-UMSA / PROTERRA, 2017) Salazar Silva, Indira Yajaira
This paper deals with the technical process and the systematically recorded results that, in the diagnostic phase, allowed to identify the chromatic that the different historical moments reflected in the earthen walls of the old San José School, a heritage asset located in the Historic Center of Cuenca, Ecuador. Without being decisive, the declaration of this city as Cultural Heritage of Humanity in 1999 by UNESCO, underlines a greater commitment of the cultural actors to protect the material elements that are part of citizen identity, as is the San José School. The main objective consists of the proposal to recover the original color scheme of the property, which includes the adoption of traditional techniques with earth colors. This proposal is the result of a methodological strategy that includes a historical study and retrieval of photographs from city archives, specific interviews, and the execution of coves of prospecting in different architectural elements to identify the chromatic historicity of the edifice.
La tierra de Oña: color. técnica y patrimonio
(2017) Rosales Mitte, Verónica Priscila; Salazar Silva, Indira Yajaira; Achig Balarezo, María Cecilia
The parishes of Oña and Susudel, in the province of Azuay, are part of the National Inventory of Cultural Heritage. They are sceneries with historical, cultural and landscape richness, given their rugged geography and historical connection with territories of economic and social power (linked to their Cañari heritage and the Inca domination). However, the intangible heritage of these parishes has barely been studied. Thanks to local institutional efforts to enhance the value of tangible and intangible heritage found in the traditional techniques of the communities, it has been discovered the prevalence of knowledge on the production of paint from soil pigments and its use in the architecture of these parishes. Nevertheless, it is also evident the gradual loss of valorization and transfer of knowledge of these practices. As part of the initial phase of the research project of the University of Cuenca: Soils of Colors, this research includes an approach to the territorial and historical contexts of the canton Oña, as well as a valuable contribution to the study of color in the local architecture. As a result, this study allowed the identification, documentation and experimentation of the traditional knowledge related to the techniques of soil paint production, which was achieved through an ethnographic approach to the repositories of this knowledge. In addition, this study enabled to verify the prevalence and relevance of the technique in the current context in order to promote the transfer of knowledge.