Browsing by Author "Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana"

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El aire que respiramos: herramienta de información y estrategias para evitar la contaminación del aire
(Universidad del Azuay, Casa Editora, Universidad de Cuenca, 2020) Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Zegarra Peña, Ronny Rafael; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Mejía Coronel, Julio Danilo
Estudio Transversal: Factores de Riesgo para Alergia Alimentaria en Adolescentes de Cuenca y Santa Isabel, Ecuador
(2017) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; García García, Ana Angélica; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra; Córdova Jimbo, Diana Paola; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
BACKGROUND:Food allergy in adolescents has been widely associated with risk factors. The aim of this investigation was determined, among adolescents of Cuenca and santa isabel, the prevalence of food allergy and its association with reported risk factors determined by self-report and skin prick test.
Food allergy, airborne allergies, and allergic sensitisation among adolescents living in two disparate socioeconomic regions in Ecuador: a cross-sectional study
(2020) Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Perkin, Michael; Gebreegziabher, Tesfalem Lukas; Zúñiga Carpio, Gabriela Alexandra; Andrade Muñoza, Diana; Ramírez Jimbo, Patricia Liliana; García García, Ana Angélica; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
Background: Allergic diseases are under-investigated and overlooked health conditions in developing countries. We measured the prevalence of food allergy (FA), airborne allergic disease, and allergic sensitisation among adolescents living in 2 socio-demographically disparate regions in Ecuador. We investigated which risk factors are associated with these conditions. Methods: A cross-sectional study involved 1338 students (mean age: 13 ± 0.9 years old) living in Cuenca (n = 876) and Santa Isabel (n = 462). History of allergic symptoms (noted by parents or doctor) to food, house dust mites (HDM), pollen, and pets were recorded. Sociodemographic characteristics, environmental exposures, and parental history of allergic disorders data were collected. Sensitisation to 19 food and 20 aeroallergens was measured by skin-prick testing (SPT). FA and airborne allergic diseases (to HDM, pollen, cat, or dog) were defined as a report of allergic symptoms noted by doctor, together with a positive SPT (wheal size ≥3 mm). Logistic regression models were used to identify environmental and parental factors associated with allergic conditions. Results: FA was prevalent among 0.4% (95% CI 0.2%–0.9%), and food sensitisation among 19.1% of the adolescents. Shrimp was the most frequent food linked with FA and food sensitisation. Risk factors associated with FA could not be evaluated due to the low prevalence. Food sensitisation was higher among adolescents exposed to family smoking (OR 1.63, 95% CI 1.14–2.34, p = 0.008) and those with parental history of allergic disorders (OR 1.68, 95% CI 1.13–2.49, p = 0.01), but less common among adolescents owning dogs (OR 0.59, 95% CI 0.41–0.84, p = 0.003). Airborne allergic diseases were prevalent amongst 12.0% of the adolescents (95% CI: 10.4–13.9, n = 1321), with HDM as the primary allergen (11.2%). Airborne allergic diseases were less common among adolescents with more siblings (OR 0.79, 95% CI 0.65–0.96, p = 0.02) and those who lived with farm animals in the first year of life (OR 0.47, 95% CI 0.23–0.95, p = 0.04), but, most common among adolescents with a smoking family (OR 1.67, 95% CI 1.04–2.70, p = 0.03) and with a parental history of allergic disorders (OR self-perceived: 2.62, 95% CI 1.46–4.71, p = 0.001; OR diagnosed by a doctor: 4.07, 95% CI 2.44–6.80, p < 0.001). Conclusions: FA and airborne allergies are less prevalent in Ecuador than in developed regions; there is a great dissociation between the prevalence of allergic disease and allergic sensitisation. Shrimp and HDM were the most prevalent allergens. Risk factors identified in this study to be related to allergic diseases should be considered by physicians, health practitioners, and epidemiologists in Ecuador.
Imagenología de la tuberculosis urogenital, Cuenca Enero/1993 - Junio /1997
(1998) Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Peralta Pintado, Enrique Santiago; Reinoso Aguirre, Fernanda Beatriz; Villacís Morales, Ruth Cecilia; Palacios Serrano, Raúl Oswaldo; Cañizares Aguilar, Aurelio Ernesto
Despite the availability of audiovisual methods and systematization of current information, in our country we still have difficulty accessing it. Therefore we believe the development of a photo album of radiological images in a condition of such involvement as very useful urogenital tuberculosis. A study of four and a half years at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital and the Social Security Hospital in the city of Cuenca on the incidence and diagnosis of Tuberculosis Urogenital is done emphasizing the search for radiological images and their importance in the overall patient management . Interestingly, 31.91 percent of the 63 cases have found a source of diagnostic pathology of surgical specimens. The 27.66 percent of the patients underwent abdominal radiograph, abdominal ultrasound studies and contrasted. The findings of each diagnostic method is described and accompanied by fotogralfías. The results regarding the clinical picture shows that the most common symptoms were back pain, hematuria and dysuria. The images were the most significant alterations pyelocaliceal and renal abnormalities. Throughout the study, they found significant flaws in the coding of statistical data
Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on asthmasymptoms and management: a prospectiveanalysis of asthmatic children in Ecuador
(2021) Rodríguez, Alejandro; Romero Sandoval, Natalia Cristina; Cruz, Alvaro A.; Cooper , Philip John; Arteaga Vaca, Karen Alexandra; Maldonado G., Augusto; Maestre Calderón, Manolo Patricio; Chis Ster, Irina; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Molina Cando, María José; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Ochoa Avilés, María Cristina; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
ackground:Asthma affects up to 33% of children in Latin American settings. The ongoingCOVID-19 pandemic has had a significant impact on access to and use of health services. Weaimed to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on asthma exacerbations, medical facilityvisits, and use of asthma medications in children.Methods:We used data from a prospective cohort of 213 children aged 5–17 years in 3 Ecua-dorian cities and analysed the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on asthma. Outcomes (asthmaexacerbations, emergency room [ER] visits, planned and unplanned outpatient visits, and use ofinhaled corticosteroids and Beta-2 agonists) were analysed using repeated Poisson counts (ie,number of events per participant before and during the COVID-19 lockdown).Results:During compared to before lockdown: a) the number of asthma exacerbations remainedconstant (IRR, 0.87; 95% CI: 0.72–1.05; p¼0.152); b) outpatient visits (IRR 0.26, 95% CI 0.14–0.47,p<0.001) declined 74% while ER visits declined 89% (IRR 0.11, 95% CI 0.04–0.32, p<0.001); andc) there was no change in inhaled corticosteroids use (IRR 1.03, 95% CI 0.90–1.16, P¼0.699) whileBeta-2 agonist use increased (IRR 1.32, 95% CI 1.10–1.58, P¼0.003).Conclusions:In a cohort of Ecuadorian children with asthma, health services attendancedecreased dramatically after COVID-19 lockdown, but asthma exacerbations and use of inhaledcorticosteroids were unchanged. Future analyses will address the question of the effect of SARS-CoV-2 infection on asthma exacerbations and control in this paediatric population.
Prevalence and risk factors for asthma, rhinitis, eczema, and atopy among preschool children in an andean city
(2020) Ochoa Avilés, María Cristina; Morillo Argudo, Diana Alexandra; Rodriguez, Alejandro; Cooper , Philip John; Andrade Tenesaca, Dolores Susana; Molina Cando, Maria Jose; Parra Ullauri, Mayra Alejandra; Parra Ullauri, Andrea; Mejía Coronel, Julio Danilo; Neira Molina, Vivian Alejandra; Rodas Espinoza, Claudia Rosana; Ochoa Avilés, Angélica María
Background: Limited data are available on prevalence and associated risk factors for atopy and allergic diseases from high-altitude urban settings in Latin America. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of atopy, asthma, rhinitis, and eczema, and associations with relevant risk factors in preschool children in the Andean city of Cuenca. Methods: A cross-sectional study was undertaken using a representative sample of 535 children aged 3-5 years attending 30 nursery schools in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. Data on allergic diseases and risk factors were collected by parental questionnaire. Atopy was measured by skin prick test (SPT) reactivity to a panel of relevant aeroallergens. Associations between risk factors and the prevalence of atopy and allergic diseases were estimated using multivariable logistic regression. Results: Asthma symptoms were reported for 18% of children, rhinitis for 48%, and eczema for 28%, while SPT reactivity was present in 33%. Population fractions of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema attributable to SPT were 3.4%, 7.9%, and 2.9%, respectively. In multivariable models, an increased risk of asthma was observed among children with a maternal history of rhinitis (OR 1.85); rhinitis was significantly increased in children of high compared to low socioeconomic level (OR 2.09), among children with a maternal history of rhinitis (OR 2.29) or paternal history of eczema (OR 2.07), but reduced among children attending daycare (OR 0.64); eczema was associated with a paternal history of eczema (OR 3.73), and SPT was associated with having a dog inside the house (OR 1.67). Conclusions: A high prevalence of asthma, rhinitis, and eczema symptoms were observed among preschool children in a high-altitude Andean setting. Despite a high prevalence of atopy, only a small fraction of symptoms was associated with atopy. Parental history of allergic diseases was the most consistent risk factor for symptoms in preschool children.