Browsing by Author "Quinde Lituma, María Elena"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5

Análisis de la eficiencia del gasto de inversión de los gobiernos autónomos descentralizados municipales del Ecuador para el año 2014: estimación de una frontera estocástica
(2017) Fárez Plasencia, María Isabel; Quinde Lituma, María Elena; Orellana Bravo, Mercy Raquel
This paper aims to analyze the efficiency of the municipal governments of Ecuador during the 2014 period, using the parametric technique Stochastic Frontier Analysis (SFA), through the microeconomic theory of cost minimization. Simultaneously, this paper considered the effect of important factors such as the transfers the central government, the population’s income, the secondary educational level, the population density, and the political affiliation of the city’s mayor over the efficiency levels found. The mentioned efficiency analysis was perform in a global manner, and for four municipal typologies, which defined through a conglomerates analysis. Afterwards, the results of empirical analysis demonstrated that municipal governments they can reach an important reduction of their investment expenditures, and at the same time, provide the same amount of goods and services to the population. Likewise, the results indicated that, on a national scale, the income generated by the municipal governments and their population influence positively on the efficiency levels; however, these results vary for each municipal typology.
Análisis explicativo del liderazgo transformacional en el perfil emprendedor social de jóvenes universitarios
(2023) Álava Atiencie, Nubia Gabriela; Quinde Lituma, María Elena
The purpose of this research study is to assess the effect of a transformational leadership style and its sub-dimensions on the social entrepreneurial profile of university students at the University of Cuenca (Ecuador). Transformational leadership in times of crisis is increasingly important for developing social and innovative entrepreneurship. The present study is quantitative. A survey is applied to gather data from a representative sample of 856 students. An exploratory factor analysis is performed, followed by a multiple linear regression model. The results show that transformational leadership positively affects the social entrepreneurial profile of university students at the University of Cuenca. In conclusion, the university’s community and administrative body should work conjointly to continuously improve the curriculum and to promote research project initiatives on social entrepreneurship.
Determinants of Food Insecurity in Rural Households: The Case of the Paute River Basin of Azuay Province, Ecuador
(2020) Quinde Lituma, María Elena; Cordero Ahiman, Otilia Vanessa; Vanegas Ruiz, Jorge Leonardo; Beltrán Romero, Pablo Aníbal
Eliminating food insecurity is one of humanity’s greatest global challenges. Thus, the purpose of this research was to analyze the factors that determine food insecurity in households in the rural area of the Paute River Basin, Azuay Province, Ecuador. Stratified sampling was used as the sampling method, with proportional affixation. Moreover, we employed the Latin American and Caribbean Household Food Security Measurement Scale (ELCSA). We estimated the main determinants of household food insecurity using two binomial logit models and one ordered logit model. For the analysis of the data, the respective statistical and econometric tests were employed. The results show that housing size and access to food security information are the most important determinants of food insecurity in the three predictive models applied in this research.This research contributes to the existing literature on food insecurity and provides important information forpolicymakers, especially regarding food insecurity in rural areas, which has profound economic and social implications.
Factors that determine the dietary diversity score in rural households: the case of the Paute river basin of Azuay province, Ecuador
(2021) Cordero Ahiman, Otilia Vanessa; Vanegas Ruiz, Jorge Leonardo; Franco Crespo, Christian David; Beltrán Romero, Pablo Aníbal; Quinde Lituma, María Elena
Inadequate food and nutrition affect human well-being, particularly for many poor subpopulations living in rural areas. The purpose of this research was to analyze the factors that determine the Household Dietary Diversity Score (HDDS) in the rural area of the Paute River Basin, Azuay Province, Ecuador. The sample size of 383 surveys was determined by a stratified random sampling method with proportional affixation. Dietary diversity was measured through the HDDS, with 12 food groups (cereals; roots and tubers; fruits; sugar/honey; meat and eggs; legumes or grains; vegetables; oils/fats; milk and dairy products; meats; miscellaneous; fish and shellfish) over a recall period of 7 days. A Poisson regression model was used to determine the relationship between the HDDS and sociodemographic variables. The results show that the average HDDS of food consumption is 10.89 foods. Of the analyzed food groups, the most consumed are cereals; roots and tubers; fruits; sugar/honey. In addition, the determinants that best explain the HDDS in the predictive model were housing size, household size, per capita food expenditure, area of cultivated land, level of education, and marital status of the head of household. The tools used in this research can be used to analyze food and nutrition security interventions. Furthermore, the results allow policymakers to identify applicable public policies in the fight against hunger.
Medición de la inseguridad alimentaria en los hogares pertenecientes a la zona rural de la cuenca del río Paute de la provincia del Azuay, Ecuador
(Universidad de Buenos Aires. Eubeba, 2022) Cordero Ahiman, Otilia Vanessa; Vanegas Ruiz, Jorge Leonardo; Mendieta Muñoz, Luis Rodrigo; Beltrán Romero, Pablo Aníbal; Quinde Lituma, María Elena
En el mundo, cerca de 2.000 millones de personas padecen inseguridad ali- mentaria moderada o grave por la falta de acceso regular a alimentos nutritivos y suficientes (FAO et al., 2019). El número de personas que padecen hambre ha aumentado a casi 821 millones (FAO, FIDA et al., 2018) y en América Latina y el Caribe a 39,3 millones, siendo las personas que viven en las zonas rurales las que tienen mayor riesgo de padecer inseguridad alimentaria (FAO, OPS et al., 2018), afectado el cumplimiento del objetivo hambre cero para 2030. En efecto, el 46% de las personas en el mundo padecen hambre (FAO et al., 2019).