Browsing by Author "Quijije Castro, Jember Javier"

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Hodgkin and non-hodgkin lymphoma: from a molecular, diagnostic and therapeutic perspective
(2021) González Bracho, Jorge Rafael
Lymphomas are a heterogeneous set of malignancies, which have more than 100 entities that are derived from precur-sor or mature cells of the B, T, and NK lymphocytic lineages. Worldwide, these neoplasms affect between 3 to 6 people per 100,000 inhabitants, representing the fifth most common cancer and the fifth leading cause of cancer death. Traditionally they have been classified into two large groups, Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL). Moreover, due to technological advances in areas such as immunol-ogy and genetics, different mechanisms have been identified through which lymphocytic neoplastic cells manage to evade antitumor surveillance, alter immunological checkpoints and condition their tumor microenvironment, thus guaranteeing its perpetuation. The initial diagnosis of lymphoma, based on clinical findings and identification of risk factors, must be confirmed by performing a lymph node biopsy. Chemo-radio-therapy is one of the first-line therapeutic strategies, although in recent years different biological therapies such as immu-notherapy have been developed, which have proven to be effective in controlling the disease. Because the pathogenic mechanisms of lymphomagenesis have important implications for diagnosis and clinical treatment, this review synthe-sizes current information on the pathophysiological processes underlying these neoplasms, summarizes the basic no-tions about their diagnostic approach, and presents evidence on the efficacy and safety of currently used first and second line treatments. © 2021, Venezuelan Society of Pharmacology and Clinical and Therapeutic Pharmacology.
Índice de masa corporal y sedentarismo como factores de riesgo cardiovascular
(2023) Pacuruco Cajas, Julio Ignacio; Quijije Castro, Jember Javier; Toledo Rivera, Esteban Andres; Bueno Quizhpi, Paola Fernanda; Buenano Rodriguez, Christian Eduardo
Cardiovascular diseases and the high rates of morbidity and mortality associated with them have become one of the main rea-sons for concern in public health, due to the great burden they have worldwide. In recent decades, thanks to in-dustrialization, globalization, technological advance, and the increase in activities that prolong the sitting position, conditions such as overweight, obesity or habits such as sedentary behaviors, they have gradually become little by little in real risk factors for the development of cardio-metabolic events. Thus, the investigations have been aimed at identifying the risk factors that predispose to the development or appearance of these diseases, so that they can be addressed in a timely manner. There-fore, knowing the nutritional status, body composition (through the body mass index), psychobiological habits and the degree of physical inactivity of individuals, are part of the initial assessment of their health status. Although it is known that excess weight or low physical activity are associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular events, the role of each of these conditions as independent risk factors is still not completely clear. In this context, this research aims to review the available epidemiological evidence on the impact of body mass index and sedentary lifestyle as independent cardiovascular risk factors.