Browsing by Author "Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe"

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Análisis de la norma ecuatoriana de la construcción NEC-2015 y verificación física y normativa en la ciudad de Cuenca
(2017) Arévalo Barba, Jairo Patricio; Quizhpi Gómez, Ricardo Manuel; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The present study aims to determine the level of compliance of the Ecuadorian Construction Standard (NEC_2015) in dwellings up to two floors in the city of Cuenca, focused on builds with structural systems resistant to moments in reinforced concrete. To do this, a review and theoretical compilation of the NEC-2015 rule is carried out, putting special emphasis on chapter 10 referred to “Viviendas de hasta 2 pisos con luces de hasta 5 metros”; These data are compared with information obtained In SITU of 6 dwellings in the city of Cuenca previously selected by the research project “Método de certificación de la construcción sustentable de la vivienda” of the University of Cuenca. These analyzes will allow us to evaluate the earthquake-resistant and constructive characteristics of the buildings and obtain results of the level of compliance that each case study has; In addition, a system of reinforcement is proposed that can be applied in housing that does not comply with the requirements of the regulations.
Analysis of Passive Strategies in Traditional Vernacular Architecture
(2023) Moscoso Martinez, Jose Francisco
Vernacular architecture constitutes a rich source of information and ancestral knowledge and could become a key resource for sustainable development. Its passive design strategies effectively respond to local climatic and weather conditions, using locally sourced materials for the construction of its supporting structures and enveloping elements, as well as spatial organization and the incor- poration of a buffer area (courtyard) that optimize the use of renewable resources. This qualitative study analyzes a traditional housing typology with a central courtyard located in the Historic Center of Azogues, Ecuador. In situ monitoring was conducted to evaluate the case study’s interior thermal comfort in different building spaces. Using the open-source software Open Studio and EnergyPlus, a simulation model was built to assess the annual thermal performance of the house. Field records were used to verify the effectiveness of the strategies that responded to the location’s climatic conditions. The analysis of the passive strategies used in the selected house included natural ventilation, solar protection, and thermal insulation, which depended on various aspects of the building, such as its location, the internal space’s arrangement, and the design of openings (doors and windows), among others. The thermal simulations revealed that the traditional house located in the Historic Center of Azogues was well adapted to the local climate, although the interior thermal comfort was not entirely satisfactory.
Assessment model of energy performance in housing of Cuenca, Ecuador
(2019) Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
Abstract This study investigates residential energy consumption in Cuenca, Ecuador, to develop a model to assess the energy performance of homes contextualized to the local reality. The research methodology is based on an analysis of international sustainability certification methods, case studies of the locality, and the participation of experts. The results determine an assessment model of energy performance composed of seven requirements with eleven evaluation criteria for multi-family dwellings, and six requirements with nine evaluation criteria for single-family homes. Three levels of compliance were defined for each evaluation criterion: standard, best, and superior practice. To meet the standard practice, for the use of such things as heating, cooling, lighting, equipment, and appliance indicators, energy usage must fall within a range of 30.1 kWh/m 2 per year to 41.6 kWh/m 2 per year; superior practice values must not be>24.3 kWh/m 2 per year.
Calidad del ambiente interior de las edificaciones residenciales urbanas de la ciudad de cuenca: determinación de estándares de confort
(2017-12-31) Bustillos Yaguana, David Alberto; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
This research has been developed in order to analyze the comfort standards of the indoor environment of the urban houses located at Cuenca and considered some factors as temperature, air quality, natural lightning and acoustic isolation. It performed a longitudinal design that applied a combination of non-experimental methods (qualitative and quantitative) to evaluate the physical measurements and occupants’ perception of their comfort experiences. A general analysis of the indoor environmental conditions of 280 houses was completed in the first instance; a second stage included the quantification of the occupants’ subjective perceptions and the measurement of the environmental and physical variables in 8 of those houses. The international standards are compared with the occupants’ satisfaction responses in terms of their satisfaction and by means of a comparative analysis, comfort ranges are defined adapted to environmental conditions, expectations and local socio-cultural requirements. The thermal comfort range is determined through a regression analysis between the votes of thermal sensation and the interior temperature; the quality of the air is evaluated in the concentration of CO2; visual comfort is analyzed according to the levels of natural lighting and acoustic comfort by means of the acoustic insulation characteristics of the walls of the house.
Certificación edificio sustentable y seguro
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2018) Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe; Ortiz, Jessica; Calle Pesántez, Andrea; Guillén Mena, Vanessa; Orellana Valdéz, Diana
Consumo sustentable de agua en viviendas de la ciudad de Cuenca
(2018) Molina Castro, Eduardo Xavier; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe; Calle Pesantez, Andrea Estefania; Ortiz Fernandez, Jessica Mariela; Orellana Valdez, Diana Alejandra
This study proposes and supports the application of 4 criteria for the sustainable management of drinking water inside the dwelling in the city of Cuenca, Ecuador. The criteria determined are: the control of water consumption, the control of leaks, the use of saving devices and water reuse systems. Three levels of assessment are defined for each criterion: standard, best practices and superior practices. For the development of the research, surveys are applied to the population that allow probing the existence and predisposition to incorporate drinking water saving practices in the homes, in addition measurements of water consumption by uses are made in 10 homes for a week, together the official information on the water consumption of the canton Cuenca facilitated by the municipal company of the city is processed, and several standards are analyzed: ISO, INEC and the Ecuadorian Technical Construction Standard, among others. Finally, it concludes with the determination of a percentage of water savings of up to 30%, which can be obtained the application of sustainable practices.
Definir el costo referencial de construcción por metro cuadrado de vivienda unifamiliar sustentable en la ciudad de Cuenca
(2017-04-26) Vásquez Palacios, Jorge René; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
At the global level, the construction industry has a significant impact on the environment by demanding a high consumption of resources and the characteristics of housing on the health and comfort of its habitants. In Ecuador, there is a high percentage of homes with constructive failures, which emphasizes the need to implement sustainable practices in the construction of housing to improve its performance. The study is focused on the analysis of single family dwellings in the city of Cuenca (Ecuador), with the objective of determining the reference costs of construction (per square meter) of the different sustainable levels that could reach the houses with respect to their conventional counterpart. The study is developed in four stages: (1) development of an appropriate methodology to identify costs; (2) Qualitative study on the perception of sustainable housing; (3) Quantitative study of construction costs and the Ecuadorian Value Added (VAE) of housing. It is concluded that sustainable housing presents a cost increase compared to the conventional one of 33.14%, 15.56%, and 4.32% and a VAE reduction of 15.75%, 4.01% and 3.74%, depending on the number of sustainable strategies that are incorporated to the project
Desarrollo de estrategias para la infraestructura de vecindarios sostenibles de la ciudad Cuenca-Ecuador a partir de marcos internacionales de evaluación
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-01-06) Fernández Ochoa, Kelly Denise; Tobar Palacios, María Inés; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
In Latin America, residential areas located far from urban centers present limited conditions of basic infrastructure and utilities such as: energy, telecommunications, water resources and sanitation, which hinders local sustainable development. The development of sustainable infrastructure strategies is proposed, based on the international NSA (Neighborhood Sustainability Assessment Tools). With this goal in mind, the methodology of this thesis begins with studying the tools and applying their assessment to determine the level of sustainability of two case studies from Cuenca-Ecuador. Based on this, verifiable infrastructure strategies are proposed as guidelines and intervention proposals to improve the sustainability of the neighborhood with the most unfavorable rating. It is shown that by applying strategies based on the assessment tools, the level of sustainability of the selected neighborhood would be improved. These strategies can be applied in similar neighborhoods in Cuenca-Ecuador that aim to approach the ideal sustainable neighborhood. Finally, the implementation of urban design strategies for the infrastructure of neighborhoods based on the indicators of the NSA tools manages to promote sustainable development in the city.
Desarrollo de nuevos métodos de evaluación sustentable de la edificación a partir de la revisión del estado del arte
(2018) Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The objective of this article is to identify processes to develop new methods of sustainable evaluation of the building "BSA" (Building Sustainable Assessment) which respond to the context of evaluation, and at the same time, these are inspired and sustained by lessons of international methods. The foundations are identified for the development of new evaluation methods through an analysis of the evolution of the research approach in the area, and after reviewing the concept of sustainable building as a basis for the evaluations carried out by the methods and collective works of greater international presence. Finally, the weaknesses and strengths of the evaluation methods are presented, concluding with the identification of three key points that researches use to develop their methods. Information is presented that can be used as support for future research and new methods of sustainable evaluation of the buildings. The contribution of the research lies in the exhaustive review of the state of art, which allows deciphering the foundations and keys for the development of new methods.
Desarrollo de perfiles de ocupación domésticos de un caso de estudio en la ciudad de cuenca para la incidencia de la demanda energética de viviendas multifamiliares
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-05-28) Abad Abad, Diana Karolina; Parra Alvarado, Mishel Alina; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
This descriptive research developed domestic occupancy profiles of a case study in the city of Cuenca identifying the behavior of users in residential buildings from data collected from the Harmonised European Time Use Surveys (HETUS) of five multifamily dwellings to try to approximate the problem and to serve for future research that may have a scientific basis. It should be noted that the study has three objectives to address. The first is to identify standardized profiles for the application of domestic occupancy profiles in residential buildings with standard parameters by adjusting simulation models. The second is to analyze the domestic occupancy profiles, both standardized and obtained in multifamily dwellings in a sector of the city of Cuenca. The third is to propose occupancy profiles through the case study for the validation of the energy demand and thermal comfort of the models obtained, while testing and calibrating parameters for the simulation software. To summarize, the analysis coming from the case study shows that there is a remarkable difference in energy demand between simulation models by standard profiles (Ashrae and by DesignBuilder software for residential spaces) and obtained profiles (General and defined by zones). In addition, the results are influenced by the use of climatic determinants of the site and the behavior of the occupants in the adjustment of the simulation models, demonstrating the usefulness of the application of this methodology to reduce the gap between the expected and actual energy demand of a case study in a sector of the city of Cuenca.
Determinación de la calidad del aire con la inclusión de vegetación en ambientes interiores de espacios educativos, y su inclusión arquitectónica
(2019-05-21) Mena Campos, Juan David; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The present degree work aim to find an ecological alternative, through the inclusion of indoor planting as inner gardens, to promote a system of air renovation and purification inside the educative spaces, places where the agglomeration and use ability, causes precariousness of the optimal environmental conditions for the development of the activities required in these spaces. By implementing vegetation, it is expected to reduce the amount of polluting gases (taking as reference the indoor carbon dioxide for this research), and also, to balance the interior temperature to avoid the use of air renewal by external infiltration. For its effect, a case study is implemented within the Faculty of Architecture of the University of Cuenca, where during periods of equal time and occupation, a typical classroom is controlled in two different conditions of equipment, that is, a before and after the inclusion of vegetation, each stage consisting of one week. The space is controlled by portable climatic stations, with terminals for the measurement of temperature, humidity and particles per million carbon dioxide. After a quantitative and qualitative analysis, it is possible to observe that by including the proposed vegetation, the concentration of pollutant inside the space is reduced, in turn, reducing the interior temperature, seeing as the only counterproductive result the increase of the interior humidity, being an important factor in the perception of conformity of the users of the experimental classroom.
Diseño de espacios de barrios en la ciudad de Cuenca con indicadores sustentables para mejorar las condiciones de movilidad
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2020-01-17) Pomaquero Yuquilema, Patricia Alexandra; Sánchez Valdez, Dayana Elizabeth; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The application of international sustainability indicators in our environment reveals a considerable gap between the requirements set out in the evaluation and the existing context, because these indicators were built on the basis of the reality of another region, with particular characteristics that are alien to our context. In this sense, the present research intends to develop a set of strategies that will allow mobility sustainability indicators to be effectively applied in the neighborhoods of the city of Cuenca. To this end, three international certifications are analyzed: LEED-ND, BREEAM and CASBEE-UD. Through the analysis of two case studies, La Campiña (private) and Miraflores (governmental), the current conditions regarding mobility in the neighborhoods are known, in view of the accelerated and dispersed growth of residential areas in the peripheries of the city. By making a comparison, the convergences and divergences in the evaluation of the indicators of the mentioned certifications are made visible. The study concludes with the development of 21 strategies based on the identification of problems generated from the evaluation of indicators; these strategies, in addition to being constituted in attention to three categories: planning, management and design, have the objective of directing the consolidation of neighborhoods towards sustainable development, contributing to the improvement of the city and orienting the processes of planning and management of the neighborhoods.
Diseño de proyecto de vivienda confortable basado en criterios bioclimáticos para la ciudad de Cuenca
(2016) Machado Torres, Diego Enrique; Chérrez Clavijo, Ismael Fernando; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
Do people feel good inside their homes? This is a question that architects and builders do not ask themselves when proposing a building design. They usually pay more attention to the formality and functionality of the project rather than to bioclimatic criteria. When conducting perception surveys at some homes, the results indicate that there is no comfort inside them. The proposed project aims to improve the quality of life of the inhabitants through passive bioclimatic strategies. Starting with monitoring equipment in order to measure different aspects involved in the comfort, physical measurements in PC programs (form and function) and materials records of seven housing projects, a new design of bioclimatic housing in the city of Cuenca that meets ranges established by national and international standards is proposed.
Diseño de un modelo de vivienda con accesibilidad universal para personas con discapacidad física para la ciudad de Cuenca
(2016) Plaza Pizarro, Gustavo Adolfo; Bustamante Montesdeoca, José Luis; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
In this paper, the concepts of disability are known and studied and the most important regulations are determined at the international, national and local levels. During the investigation, 11 houses were analyzed in the City of Cuenca, of which 2 are patrimonial dwellings that are located in the Historic Center, 2 apartments located in the Ejido and 7 modern single-family homes located in different areas of the city. The study is focused on how the different spaces within the home are developed and determine if the spaces are suitable for a person with a temporary or permanent physical disability. The objective is to generate an accessible and functional housing model, which improves the habitability conditions and thus determine the necessary criteria for the design.
Diseño de un sistema de control de costos para el proceso de construcción de vivienda popular
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2015-11-11) Cuadrado Ordoñez, César Alfredo; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The goal for the development of this project graduation, is to establish a cost control in social housing being developed in Ecuador, at the level of projects implemented by construction companies or contractors. performance data will be taken in the field of housing construction of 42 m2, in the community of Macas province of Canar. real materials, performance of actual labor and real yields and transport equipment, in an effort to determine the actual cost of the work will be verified. All this data is recorded on the model developed what it executed against schedule will be compared. In the event of a discrepancy between these two parameters, the model projected a new budget, ensuring that expenditures do not exceed the authorized funding for the project. The model yields data stored labor, prices of materials, equipment and transportation. This will raise budgets for future projects ever closer to the actual project implementation in prices, helping, permanently, governmental institutions construction professionals dedicated to the projection of housing.
Eficiencia energética en el sector residencial de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador
(2016-07-21) Baquero Larriva, María Teresa; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
This study is focused on the residential sector of Cuenca, Ecuador. In order to determine how far can reduce energy consumption while optimal comfort conditions are obtained by setting an indicator of energy efficiency. For this, energy demand and major consumption factors are determined by using a methodology mixed both qualitative and quantitative research, as energy consumption is influenced by different factors such as the efficiency of equipment, design and usage habits of the inhabitants, between others. So surveys were conducted on a sample of 280 households in the residential sector of Cuenca, on the other hand, light consumption and indoor environmental quality were measured in 6 houses, by equipment, software simulations and surveys. Subsequently the results are analyzed and compared with national and international standards of efficiency, basic strategies are proposed for reducing power consumption and finally the study defines a classification of minimal consumption of electric energy indicators.
Eficiencia energética en el sector residencial de la ciudad de Cuenca, Ecuador
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2016-12) Baquero Larriva, María Teresa; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The objective of the research presented herein was to determine how far in the residential area of the City of Cuenca the consumption of energy can be reduced, maintaining optimal comfort conditions. In addition, the research focused on the definition of energy efficiency indicators for residential homes. The study involved determination of the energy demand and assessment of the major consumption factors using both qualitative and quantitative approaches. Surveys were conducted in 280 households of the residential area of Cuenca. Parallel, light consumption and indoor environmental quality was monitored in 6 houses and reconstructed using simulation models. The results were analysed and compared with national and international standards of efficiency, and used as a basis for defining strategies for reducing energy consumption and the definition of indicators of minimum power consumption.
Elaboración de ladrillos cerámicos utilizando lodos generados en la planta de tratamiento de agua potable de Tixán en la ciudad de Cuenca
(2018-05-09) Peralta Pintado, Jorge Rafael; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The main objective of this investigation project is to elaborate ceramic bricks using sludge generated in the water treatment processes for the purification of the Tixán plant in the city of Cuenca that complies with current regulations in the country. The proposed thesis begins by investigating the current regulations in the country, as well as the process of manufacturing ceramic bricks. Additionally, a data collection carried out with the help of the company ETAPA EP to characterize the sludge generated in the PTAP of Tixán, and in this way know the limits of Atterberg, humidity, granulometry and mineralogical composition. With the characterization of sludge and clays used, five mixtures made using different dosages with variation of the percentage of sludge substituted from zero to 40%. One hundred units of clay were elaborated, of which finished their cooking stage 60 units, burned at a temperature of 1000 ° Sixteen bricks tested for compressive strength and the degree of absorption of 20 bricks was determined. According to results, clay units with dosage 60:35:5 do meet the standards established for ceramic bricks. It concludes that it is feasible to elaborate bricks with addition of aluminous sludge in the mixture, since it represents an economic - environmental benefit, in terms of time saving and use of resources for the exploitation of quarries as well as the transport and management of sludge at its final disposal.
Estándares de sustentabilidad para viviendas patrimoniales del Centro Histórico de Cuenca-Ecuador
(2019) Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
El estudio tiene por objetivo analizar los estándares de eficiencia energética y calidad del ambiente interior de las viviendas patrimoniales del Centro Histórico de Cuenca, considerando los siguientes factores consumo de energía, temperatura, calidad del aire interior, iluminación natural y confort acústico. La metodología empleada es mixta y de diseño longitudinal, involucrando variables cuantitativas y cualitativas para la evaluación de las mediciones ambientales, eléctricas, así como las percepciones de confort de los ocupantes de las viviendas. En una primera etapa se realiza una encuesta a 280 viviendas de Cuenca para determinar hábitos de consumo energético y condiciones del ambiente interior; en una segunda fase se ejecuta un monitoreo de las variables eléctricas y ambientales en tres viviendas de características patrimoniales, mediante el uso de sensores de medición, simulaciones y encuestas de percepción. Posteriormente se analizan y evalúan los resultados para compararlos con estándares de eficiencia energética y calidad del ambiente interior de normas nacionales e internacionales, determinando resultados que demuestran que los usuarios se adaptan a condiciones de confort diferentes a los establecidos por normas, tal es el caso de la temperatura, donde los usuarios, como respuesta al clima andino, admiten rangos inferiores a los estándares establecidos.
Estrategias para una planificación sostenible del uso y ocupación del suelo para barrios de la ciudad de Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2021-03-03) Landy Pérez, Andrea Estefanía; Mendieta Zumba, Cristina Doménica; Quesada Molina, Juan Felipe
The evaluation of sustainability in neighborhoods through the application of international indicators presents difficulties when adapting the requirements of the tools to the local context, this is mainly due to the conditions in which they were created, different scales, different regions and different situations that are foreign to our reality. In relation to this, this research plans the development of a series of guidelines and strategies that allow international indicators of sustainable land use and occupation to be applied in the neighborhoods of the city of Cuenca. For this purpose, three certifications will be analyzed: LEED-ND, BREEAM and CASBEE-UD. Based on the evaluation of two case studies within the city, the Miraflores and La Campiña neighborhoods, their current conditions in terms of land use and occupation and their behavior in the face of the accelerated and uncontrolled growth that the city during this time are diagnosed. By comparing the results of their evaluation, it is possible to verify the similarities and differences in their levels of sustainability according to the requirements of the international certifications mentioned above. This research concludes with a proposal for intervention in one of the neighborhoods, which is based on the weaknesses and strengths found after the evaluation of indicators. The application of strategies in the urban-architectural proposal has as its main objective the exemplification of how the requirements of the indicators for the design and construction of the neighborhoods contribute to the improvement of the levels of sustainability in the neighborhoods.