Browsing by Author "Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía"

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Candidiasis oral y estado nutricional en adultos mayores hospitalizados. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca - Ecuador, 2017
(2018) Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía; Bravo Calderón, Diego Mauricio; Torres Encalada, Lorena Esperanza
INTRODUCTION Hospitalized older adults are susceptible to opportunistic infections, including oral candidiasis. Hospital malnutrition, a common condition in this population, is often undervalued, although it may be associated with adverse events including mycotic infections. OBJECTIVE To determine the prevalence of oral candidiasis in hospitalized older adults and its association with nutritional status. METHODOLOGY Cross-sectional study evaluating the prevalence of oral candidiasis and its association with nutritional status in 240 elderly hospitalized patients. Participants were selected according to inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent oral mucosal examination with microbiological investigation. Nutritional status was assessed by blood biomarkers such as serum albumin, total cholesterol, and total lymphocyte count. Descriptive statistical analysis was performed using frequencies and percentages; to determine the association between the variables studied, the chi square test was applied with a value of statistical significance or p value ≤ 0.05. To quantify this relationship, the Odds Ratio was used as a measure of association with its respective confidence interval. RESULTS The prevalence of oral candidiasis was 28.18% and the proportion of patients with malnutrition reached 88.63%. Oral candidiasis and nutritional status in hospitalized older adults are not statistically significant (X2 = 2.46, p ≤ 0.05) (OR = 2.22, CI 95% 0.73 - 6.76). CONCLUSION There was no statistically significant association between oral candidiasis and the nutritional status of hospitalized older adults
Disostosis mandibulofacial (síndrome de treacher collins). Reporte de un caso
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2019) Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía; Lucero Quezada, Christian Xavier
Mandibulofacial dysostosis or Treacher Collins syndrome is a rare congenital craniofacial disorder of autosomal dominant inheritance. Although its phenotypic expression is very variable, the diagnosis is fundamentally clinical. This article ineludes a review of the scientific literature on the relevant aspeets of Treacher Collins syndrome and reports a clinical case of interest.
Lesiones de la mucosa oral en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica en diálisis
(2018) Ordóñez Pesántez, María Gracia; Piedra Idrovo, María Paula; Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía
Introduction: Chronic kidney disease (CKD), is defined as an irreversible and progresive decrease of renal function; which develops in a slow and silent manner. This condition condition makes these patients more susceptible to lesions in the oral mucosa. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of oral mucosa lesions in chronic kidney disease patients undergoing dyalisis. Methods: A cross.sectional descriptive study was carried out to evaluate the prevalence of oral mucosa lesions in patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing dyalisis. 123 patients were choosen as participants acording to inclusive and exclusive criteria. The demographic and clinical variables studied were gender, age, gingival overgrowth, Uremic stomatitis, oral candidiasis, petechiae, purpura and ecchymoses. Results: The 52% of the samples studied were female and 48% male. The average age was 60,22 years; the most representative group was conformed by adults between the ages of 18-64. 74% of patients studieds showed at leas one lesion. According to the oral lesions considered in this study the prevalences were: gingival overgrowth 46,3%, Uremic stomatitis10,6%, oral candidiasis 8,1%, petechiae 29,3%, purpura 21,1% and ecchymoses 7,3%. Conclusions: 7 out of 10 patients with CKD undergoing dyalisis, show at least one oral mucosa lesion.
Manejo del paciente hipertenso en el consultorio odontológico: una revisión narrativa de la literatura.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-10-14) Andrade Coronel, Kelly Tamara; Arenillas Montoya, Anabelle Melany; Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía
Introduction: Arterial hypertension (AHT) is defined as persistently elevated systemic arterial blood pressure (≥140/90). Oral manifestations are very frequently related to the use of antihypertensive drugs. A large number of hypertensive individuals present to the dental office daily, and their condition and management should be clear to the dentist. Methods: The search was performed in databases such as: MEDLINE / PubMed, SCOPUS, Hinari, Cochrane and Google Scholar. Original articles, case series and systematic reviews were included without restriction of language or year of publication. Conclusions: Regular dental care and the knowledge of the professional is important when approaching a hypertensive patient, these patients may present oral manifestations associated with the use of antihypertensives, when performing dental treatments, local anesthesia with vasoconstrictors is not an absolute contraindication, as it can be used in safe doses for patients with this condition.
Oral findings in patients with chronic kidney disease: A cross-sectional descriptive study in Cuenca, Ecuador.
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2022-01-12) Sinchiguano Velecela, Diana Estefanía; Criollo Velecela, Ana Cristina; Piedra Bravo, Yadira Lucía
Objective: to determine the different oral findings in patients with renal insufficiency, chronic. Methods: a descriptive cross-sectional study was carried out that included 123 individuals who were diagnosed with renal insufficiency, chronic and underwent dialysis treatment at the Renal Services Unit of the Austro of the city of CuencaEcuador. Once the study was approved by the Research Directorate of the Faculty of Dentistry (DIFO) of the University of Cuenca (code UC-DIFO-PROY-17-010), the oral cavity of the patients was examined to detect gingival enlargement noninflammatory, hemorrhagic lesions (purpura and ecchymosis), uremic stomatitis and oral candidiasis. Data analysis was performed using the IBM-SPSS Statistics 20.0 program for Windows software (IBM Corporation, Armonk, NY, USA); the results were presented in simple distribution tables by calculating their percentage frequency. Results: Of the 123 subjects who participated in this study, 52% (n=64) were women, while 48% (n=59) were men. The mean age of the study population was 60.2 (SD: 14.6) years. Oral findings were described in 74% (n= 91) of patient’s with renal insufficiency, chronic. Among them were: non-inflammatory gingival enlargement (64.7%) (n=57), hemorrhagic lesions such as purpura and ecchymosis (57.7%) (n=71), uremic stomatitis (10.6%) (n=13) and oral candidiasis (8.1%) (n=10). Conclusion: patients with renal insufficiency, chronic present important oral findings that should be identified and treated during dental practice.