Browsing by Author "Parra Coronel, Janeth"

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Efecto de suplementos de zinc en la incidencia de caries y en la concentración de Inmunoglobulinas a salivales en niños escolares de talla baja
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2013-06) Parra Coronel, Janeth; Astudillo, Diana; Sempértegui, Fernando; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
Young children in Ecuador show high prevalence of chronic zinc deficiency, associated with a decline in cellular and humoral immunity, and increased risk of tooth decay. The research reported in this paper presents the effect of the daily consumption of 10 mg zinc sulfate versus the control group receiving a solution with an inactive substance during 42 weeks, on respectively the children’s weight, height, the immunoglobulin A (IgA) concentration in saliva, the plasma concentrations of zinc, and the indices of Klein and Palmer (DMFT and DMFS). In the survey special attention was given to the detection of early stage tooth decay, also called incipient decay. Parallel, information about the children’s hygiene and living condition was collected using structured questionnaires. Statistical analysis of the collected data revealed that DMFS is less and the final concentration of plasma zinc higher in the experimental group of children receiving daily a zinc supplement (17,30 ± 9,55 vs. 20,03 ± 10,74; p = 0,032; 123 ± 24,29 μg dl-1 vs. 105,57 ± 15,75 μg dl-1; p < 0,001).
Fluorosis dentral: prevalencia, grados de severidad y factores de riesgo en niños de 7 a 13 años del cantón Cuenca
(Universidad de Cuenca, 2012-06) Parra Coronel, Janeth; Astudillo N., Diana; Cedillo A., Norma; Ordoñez Espinosa, Galo; Sempértegui, Fernando; Universidad de Cuenca; Dirección de Investigación de la Universidad de Cuenca; DIUC
The purpose of the investigation was assessment of the prevalence of dental fluorosis in scholar children living in the urban and rural areas of Cuenca Canton and to define the responsible risk factors, such as fluor concentration in drinking water and sodium. Also the relation between fluorosis and C-reactive protein (CRP) and stature were examined. A transversal study was carried out on 222 children living in the rural area and 285 in the urban area, 7 to 13 years old. The survey revealed that the degree of fluorosis is related to the fluor concentration in drinking water and urine, the salt intake and the CRP concentration in blood. The prevalence of dental fluorosis is higher in the rural than the urban area: 80,7% versus 74%. According to Dean’s index of fluorosis, the percentage of moderate and severe fluorosis are considerably higher in the rural than in the urban area: respectively 4,2 and 23% versus 0,4 and 4,1%. Age (OR: 1,23; IC: 1,01 a 1,51; p = 0,04) and fluor content in salt (OR: 7,3; IC: 2,29 a 23,4; p = 0,001) are significantly related with the severity of fluorosis, but only in the children living in rural areas. The degree of fluorosis is not related with the CRP concentration, neither with the stature of the children. The survey clearly reveals that the older children in the ruralareas are more vulnerable to fluorosis, most likely the consequence of the high fluor intake due to the daily excessive salt consumption.
Prevalencia de gingivitis inducida por biofilm dental en escolares con discapacidad intelectual de la “Unidad Educativa Especial del Azuay” y de la “Escuela de Educación Básica Fiscomisional San José de Calasanz” en la ciudad de Cuenca-Ecuador
(2022) Martínez Peraza, Valentina
The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of gingivitis associated with dental biofilm in students with intellectual disabilities from “Unidad Educativa Especial del Azuay” and “Escuela de Educación Básica Fiscomisional San José de Calasanz” in the city of Cuenca - Ecuador during the period March 2018 - March 2019. It consists of a descriptive cross-sectional study, which analyzed 133 students with mental retardation, Down syndrome and autism between 3 and 20 years old. The quality of hygiene (O'Leary Index) and gingival status (Löe and Sillness Gingival Index and periodontogram data based on the classification of biofilm-induced gum diseases) were evaluated to identify the presence of gingival conditions associated with biofilm. The study included 65 women (48.87%) and 68 men (51.13%), of whom 51.88% were located within a mild cognitive disability. According to the O'Leary index, it was evidenced that 100% of the participants had poor hygiene, and when relating it to the Löe and Sillnes gingival index, a prevalence of moderate gingivitis was demonstrated at 58.65%. Only one person with healthy gums was found (0.75%). Regarding the Armitage classification of gingival diseases, a frequency of 68 participants (51.13%) presented localized gingivitis. In conclusion a high prevalence of gum disease is observed in the population evaluated, demonstrating an inadequate oral hygiene state where 99.25% of people with intellectual disabilities analyzed in the study presented indicators of gingivitis, with no differences in gingival health between the two groups of students. Keywords: Gingivitis; Biofilm; Intellectual disability; Descriptive cross-sectional study.